Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and laboratory data of patients according to the occurrence of a GIB event
| Characteristic | GIB (n=44) | Non-GIB (n=440) | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (yr) | 61.0 (55.0–70.0) | 58.0 (49.0–67.0) | 0.015 |
| Male sex | 33 (75.0) | 311 (70.7) | 0.669 |
| Hypertension | 13 (29.5) | 186 (42.3) | 0.140 |
| Diabetes | 11 (25.0) | 119 (27.0) | 0.910 |
| Coronary disease | 4 (9.1) | 51 (11.6) | 0.803 |
| Cerebrovascular accident | 1 (2.3) | 25 (5.7) | 0.545 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 2 (4.5) | 19 (4.3) | 1.000 |
| COPD | 0 | 10 (2.3) | 0.649 |
| Asthma | 1 (2.3) | 12 (2.7) | 1.000 |
| Gastric ulcer | 1 (2.3) | 5 (1.1) | 1.000 |
| Liver cirrhosis | 0 | 10 (2.3) | 0.649 |
| Autoimmune disease | 2 (4.5) | 13 (3.0) | 0.901 |
| ECPR | 11 (25.0) | 104 (23.7) | 0.993 |
| SOFA score | 11.0 (9.0–14.0) | 12.0 (10.0–14.0) | 0.378 |
| SAPS score | 68.0 (43.0–84.0) | 68.0 (48.0–83.0) | 0.636 |
| ECMO machine | 0.360 | ||
| EBS | 1 (2.3) | 40 (9.1) | |
| PLS | 41 (93.2) | 374 (85.0) | |
| HLS | 1 (2.3) | 20 (4.4) | |
| Others | 1 (2.3) | 6 (1.4) | |
| Initial ECMO mode | 0.357 | ||
| Venoarterial | 29 (65.9) | 324 (73.6) | |
| Venovenous | 15 (34.1) | 116 (26.4) | |
| Initial laboratory data | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.6 (8.7–12.1) | 10.3 (8.6–12.2) | 0.943 |
| Platelet (×103/μL) | 148.0 (68.0–194.5) | 150.0 (97.0–213.0) | 0.318 |
| INR | 1.5 (1.2–1.9) | 1.5 (1.2–2.0) | 0.753 |
| aPTT (sec) | 125.1 (61.4–150.0) | 108.7 (59.0–150.0) | 0.439 |
| Fibrinogen (mg/dL) | 307.5 (171.0–430.0) | 285.0 (178.0–442.5) | 0.937 |
| Antithrombin (%) | 57.0 (42.5–70.0) | 58.0 (43.0–75.0) | 0.455 |
| BUN (mg/dL) | 22.5 (17.3–33.0) | 21.5 (15.8–30.1) | 0.442 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.2 (0.9–1.8) | 1.1 (0.8–1.7) | 0.911 |
| Albumin (mg/dL) | 2.2 (1.8–3.0) | 2.5 (2.0–3.0) | 0.097 |
| AST (IU/L) | 138.5 (50.0–406.5) | 122.5 (49.0–456.5) | 0.923 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 56.5 (24.5–159.5) | 64.0 (27.5–178.5) | 0.510 |
| Lactate | 4.2 (2.3–8.8) | 4.1 (2.3–8.8) | 0.713 |
Values are presented as median (interquartile range) or number (%).
GIB, gastrointestinal bleeding; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ECPR, extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation; SOFA, Sequential Organ Failure Assessment; SAPS, Simplified Acute Physiology Score; ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; EBS, emergency bypass system; PLS, permanent life support; HLS, cardiohelp; INR, international normalized ratio; aPTT, activated partial thromboplastin time; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase.