Table 1.
Preoperative demographics, comorbidities, serum creatinine and albumin, functional status, and frailty index in patients who underwent esophagectomy for malignancy in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database from January 2005 through December 2020
| Characteristic | Total | Non-emergent esophagectomy | Emergent esophagectomy |
|---|---|---|---|
| No. of patients | 10,067 | 9,886 | 181 |
| Age (yr) | 64.0 (58.0–71.0) | 64.0 (58.0–71.0) | 64.0 (57.0–71.0) |
| Male sex | 8,344 (82.92) | 8,187 (82.83) | 157 (87.71) |
| Race | |||
| Black | 278 (2.76) | 269 (2.72) | 9 (4.97) |
| White | 8,329 (82.74) | 8,201 (82.96) | 128 (70.72) |
| Other | 1,460 (14.50) | 1,416 (14.32) | 44 (24.31) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 26.95 (23.67–30.80) | 26.97 (23.71–30.82) | 28.71 (22.31–56.42) |
| Preoperative serum creatinine | 0.84 (0.70–1.00) | 0.84 (0.71–1.00) | 0.79 (0.65–0.93) |
| Preoperative serum albumin | 3.90 (3.60–4.10) | 3.90 (3.60–4.20) | 3.55 (2.90–3.90) |
| Diabetes | 1,840 (18.28) | 1,806 (18.27) | 24 (18.78) |
| Smoking (within 1 year) | 2,630 (26.12) | 2,580 (26.10) | 50 (27.62) |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 810 (8.05) | 792 (8.01) | 18 (9.94) |
| CHF (30 days before surgery) | 33 (0.33) | 31 (0.31) | 2 (1.10) |
| Hypertension (on medications) | 5,049 (50.15) | 4,968 (50.25) | 81 (44.75) |
| ESRD (currently on dialysis) | 14 (0.14) | 12 (0.12) | 2 (1.10) |
| Weight loss (>10% last 6 months) | 2,109 (20.95) | 2,056 (20.80) | 53 (29.28) |
| ASA class | |||
| 1 | 31 (0.31) | 30 (0.30) | 1 (0.56) |
| 2 | 1,640 (16.32) | 1,624 (16.45) | 16 (8.89) |
| 3 | 7,575 (75.36) | 7,463 (75.60) | 112 (62.22) |
| 4 | 802 (7.98) | 755 (7.65) | 47 (26.11) |
| 5 | 4 (0.04) | 0 | 4 (2.22) |
| Functional status (dependent) | 96 (0.95) | 82 (0.83) | 14 (7.73) |
| Frailty index | |||
| Mild | 8,185 (81.31) | 8,043 (81.36) | 142 (78.45) |
| Moderate | 1,880 (18.67) | 1,841 (18.62) | 39 (21.55) |
| Severe | 2 (0.02) | 2 (0.02) | 0 |
Values are presented as number, number (%) for categorical variables, or median (25th–75th) for continuous variables.
CHF, congestive heart failure; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; ASA Class, American Society of Anesthesiologists Classification.