Table 1.

Demographic data and preoperative pain levels (*: one way ANOVA test ** chi square test, NS: not significant).

Demographic data	Digital Radiograph	Electronic Apex Locator	Simultaneous Length Control	P value
Age*	24±8.2	23±10.1	26±7.8	NS
Gender**
Male	11	13	12	NS
Female	9	7	8
Dental Archχ
Maxillary	15	12	14	NS
Mandibular	5	8	6
Mean preoperative pain scoreφ	7.8±0.85	7.9±0.97	7.6±0.93	NS