Figure 8.

Anti-citrullinated protein antibodies (ACPAs) bind to human METs and activated non-MET macrophages. Untreated (UN), ionomycin (ION)-treated or tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα)-treated human M1 macrophages were fixed, incubated with sera from ACPA+ or ACPA- rheumatoid arthritis subjects, then permeabilized and stained with DAPI (blue) and anti-human IgG antibody (pink). (A) Representative images at 200x. Graphs depict the means and individual values for the percentage of macrophages that were IgG-bound METs (B) or IgG-bound non-MET macrophages (C) for each stimulant compared to the untreated control for ACPA+ sera (#p<0.05, ##p<0.01) and for ACPA+ versus ACPA- for each condition (*p<0.05, **p<0.01) by paired t-test (n=3).