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. 2024 Mar 11;11(1):e939. doi: 10.1002/ams2.939

FIGURE 1.

FIGURE 1

Conceptual diagram of PICS‐F. The horizontal axis shows the passage of time, and the vertical axis shows the amount of burden on the family. PICS‐F is triggered by the emotional burden experienced by the family when the patient is admitted to the ICU, which leads to the physical and socioeconomic burden. Furthermore, in the subsequent course, various factors, such as the patient's medical condition, the family's environment, and financial burden, are intricately related to the development of PICS‐F if families cannot adjust to these burdens. Psychological symptoms, which are classic symptoms of PICS‐F, are circled by solid lines, whereas physical and social problems, which are being expanded upon today as a new concept of PICS‐F, are circled by dotted lines. PICS‐F sometimes develops during a patient's ICU admission, and these symptoms may continue long after ICU discharge if families cannot adjust to the burden.