Table 5.
Summary findings of multinomial logistic regression of association between multimorbidity and some of its risk factors
| Variables | Categories | Class1: Relatively healthy(n = 1394) OR(95%CI) |
Class 2: Cardiovascular-metabolic(n = 623) OR(95%CI) |
Class3: Cognitive-metabolic and osteoporosis(409) OR(95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 1 | 0.95(0.93–0.97)* | 1.01(0.99–1.03) | |
| Gender | ♦ Male | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Female | 1 | 1.98(1.53–2.55)* | 4.45(3.17–6.25)* | |
| Marital status | ♦Married | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Single | 1 | 0.81(0.68–1.27) | 0.84(0.61–1.16) | |
| Educational level | ♦ Illiterate | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Primary school | 1 | 0.95(0.71–1.26) | 0.69(0.50–0.94)* | |
| High school Diploma | 1 | 0.88(0.69–1.27) | 0.43(0.29–0.64)* | |
| Academic | 1 | 0.79(0.53–1.37) | 0.52 (0.25–1.05) | |
| Physical Activity | ♦No active and sedentary | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| low active | 1 | 0.74(0.55–0.99)* | 0.74(0.51–1.09) | |
| Active | 1 | 0.64(0.40–1.01) | 0.66(0.36–1.23) | |
| Household Income | ♦Low | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Moderate | 1 | 0.96(0.72–1.29) | 0.79(0.58–1.08) | |
| High | 1 | 0.72(0.50–1.04) | 0.70(0.45–1.09) | |
| Tobacco smoking | ♦No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Past smoking | 1 | 1.04 (0.81–1.32) | 1.02(0.75–1.39) | |
| Current smoking | 1 | 0.80(0.58–1.11) | 1.46(1.01–2.12)* | |
| Sleep | ♦Less than 6 h | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| 6 to 9 h | 1 | 0.50(0.21–1.18) | 0.18(0.07–0.44)* | |
| More than 9 h | 1 | 0.65(0.27–1.53) | 0.34(0.13–0.83)* | |
| Polypharmacy | ♦No | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Yes | 1 | 3.53(2.65–4.69)* | 1.96(1.37–2.80)* | |
*P-value < 0.05; OR: odds ratio; CI: confidence interval. Class 1 (background ageing) was considered the reference group for multinomial regression analyses. ♦ indicates the reference category for each covariate