Fig 4.
Intranasal immunization of Hcp1-VLPs conjugation induces protein-specific antibody response. Mice were intranasally immunized with PBS, VLPs, 5 or 10 µg Hcp1-VLPs. Baseline and post-immunization sera were collected and used for analysis of Hcp1-specific IgG (A), subclass IgG1 (B), IgG2c (C), and IgA (D) by indirect ELISA. The results were reported as the reciprocal of the highest titer giving an OD reading of at least 2 SD from the mean baseline sera OD. All assays were performed in triplicate. The limit of detection (LOD) is 50. Data are analyzed using Mann-Whitney test. Bars represent means with standard error of the mean (SEM). Values that are significantly different are indicated by bars and asterisks as follows: **, P < 0.01; ****, P < 0.0001; ns, not significant.