. 2024 Mar 4;6(6):1765–1780. doi: 10.1039/d3na00986f

Electrochemical performances of PANI-CQD-Cu in comparison with the reported PANI-CQD and PANI-Cu-based materials.

S. No.	PANI based composite	Preparation method	Potential window (V)	Electrolyte	Current density	Capacitance	Ref.
1	CQD/PANI	Electrochemical polymerization	0–0.6 V	1 M H₂SO₄	1 A g⁻¹	738.3 F g⁻¹	67
2	PANI/C-dots	Chemical polymerization	−0.4–0.8 V	1 M NaCl	1 A g⁻¹	529 F g⁻¹	90
3	CDs-PMo₁₂-PANI	Electrochemical polymerization	0–0.7 V	1 M H₂SO₄	1 A g⁻¹	479 F g⁻¹	91
4	CQD@PANI	Chemical polymerization	0–0.6 V	1 M H₂SO₄	1 A g⁻¹	222 F g⁻¹	92
5	PANI-N, S-GQDs@CeO₂	Chemical polymerization	0–0.8 V	1 M H₂SO₄	1 A g⁻¹	189 C g⁻¹	93
6	N-CQD/PANI	Chemical polymerization	−0.2–0.8 V	1 M H₂SO₄	1 A g⁻¹	498 F g⁻¹	94
7	PANI/ZnS QD	Chemical polymerization	0–1.2 V	1 M H₂SO₄	1 A g⁻¹	893 F g⁻¹	95
8	PANI-Cu²⁺	Electrochemical polymerization	0–0.7 V	0.5 M H₂SO₄	6 mA cm⁻²	618 F g⁻¹	46
9	CuO@PANi NFs	Chemical polymerization	0–1 V	1 M H₂SO₄	0.5 mA cm⁻²	169 F cm⁻²	96
10	rGO-copper oxide-PANI	Chemical polymerization	0–0.7 V	2 M Na₂SO₄	0.25 A g⁻¹	213 F g⁻¹	97
11	PANI-CQD-Cu	Electrochemical polymerization	−0.2–0.8 V	1 M H₂SO₄	5 mA cm⁻² or 1 A g⁻¹	1070 mF cm⁻² or 1070 F g⁻¹	This work