Table 1.
Characteristics of patients with sinonasal cancer by gender, Lombardy SNC Registry, 2008–2020.
| Variable | Males | Females | p-Value a | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | % | No. | % | ||
| No. of subjects | 553 | 100.0 | 274 | 100.0 | |
| Age (median, min–max) | 69.0 | 25.7–93.1 | 68.3 | 21.1–99.7 | 0.18 |
| Period of diagnosis | |||||
| 2008–2012 | 215 | 38.9 | 109 | 39.8 | 0.97 |
| 2013–2016 | 159 | 28.8 | 77 | 28.1 | |
| 2017–2020 | 179 | 32.4 | 88 | 32.1 | |
| Cancer site (ICD-10 code) | |||||
| Nasal cavity (C30.0) | 215 | 38.9 | 99 | 36.1 | 0.01 |
| Maxillary sinus (C31.0) | 95 | 17.2 | 72 | 26.3 | |
| Ethmoidal sinus (C31.1) | 73 | 13.2 | 21 | 7.7 | |
| Frontal sinus (C31.2) | 2 | 0.4 | 3 | 1.1 | |
| Sphenoidal sinus (C31.3) | 13 | 2.4 | 11 | 4.0 | |
| Multiple sites (C31.8) | 155 | 28.1 | 68 | 24.8 | |
| Cancer morphology | |||||
| Squamous cell carcinoma and variants | 255 | 46.1 | 145 | 52.9 | 0.03 |
| Adenocarcinoma | 214 | 38.7 | 78 | 28.5 | |
| Neuroendocrine carcinoma | 19 | 3.4 | 7 | 2.6 | |
| Other epithelial neoplasm b | 55 | 10.0 | 32 | 11.7 | |
| Malignant tumour | 2 | 0.4 | 2 | 0.7 | |
| Unknown c | 8 | 1.5 | 10 | 3.7 | |
| Interview | |||||
| Patient | 352 | 63.7 | 159 | 58.0 | 0.05 |
| Next of kin | 133 | 24.1 | 64 | 23.4 | |
| Not performed | 68 | 12.3 | 51 | 18.6 | |
| Cigarette smoking | |||||
| Never | 154 | 27.9 | 122 | 44.5 | <0.001 |
| Former | 207 | 37.4 | 55 | 20.1 | |
| Current | 162 | 29.3 | 74 | 27.0 | |
| Unknown | 30 | 5.4 | 23 | 8.4 | |
| Occupational exposure | |||||
| Never exposed | 268 | 48.5 | 187 | 68.3 | |
| Ever exposed (any agent) | 217 | 39.2 | 36 | 13.1 | <0.001 |
| Wood dusts | 150 | 27.1 | 13 | 4.7 | <0.001 |
| Leather dusts | 65 | 11.8 | 20 | 7.3 | 0.01 |
| Nickel compounds | 9 | 1.6 | 3 | 1.1 | 0.05 |
| Chromium VI compounds | 18 | 3.3 | 3 | 1.1 | 0.01 |
| Formaldehyde | 3 | 0.5 | 1 | 0.4 | 0.05 |
| Unknown | 68 | 12.3 | 51 | 18.6 | <0.001 |
ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Edition. a From a chi-squared test, except for age (Wilcoxon rank-sum test). b Sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (SNUC) and not otherwise specified (NOS) carcinoma. c SNC cases with diagnostic certainty “probable” and without biopsy.