Table 2.

Factors associated with the use of immuno-molecular therapy in patients with stage IVB cervical cancer diagnosed between 2013 and 2019.

Clinical Characteristics	OR (95% CI) a	p-Value	Adjusted OR (95% CI) b	p-Value
Age
Each 5-Year Increase	0.91 (0.88–0.95)	<0.0001	0.90 (0.85–0.95)	<0.0001
Insurance Status
Private	Reference		Reference
Medicare	0.85 (0.65–1.12)	0.253	0.85 (0.65–1.12)	0.253
Medicaid	0.74 (0.60–0.91)	0.005	0.74 (0.60–0.91)	0.005
Uninsured	0.60 (0.43–0.83)	0.002	0.60 (0.43–0.83)	0.002
Facility Type
Academic/Research	Reference		Reference
Non-Academic/Research	0.83 (0.70–0.99)	0.035	0.75 (0.63–0.90)	0.002
Site of Distant Metastasis
Distant Lymph Node	Reference		Reference
Distant Organ	0.97 (0.78–1.19)	0.739	0.88 (0.71–1.10)	0.258
Distant Lymph Node and Organ	1.49 (1.20–1.84)	0.0003	1.27 (1.01–1.59)	0.042
First-Line Treatment
CT	Reference		Reference
CT and EBRT	0.66 (0.56–0.79)	<0.0001	0.61 (0.51–0.73)	<0.0001
CT and EBRT plus ICBT	0.32 (0.25–0.40)	<0.0001	0.25 (0.19–0.33)	<0.0001

Abbreviations: chemotherapy alone (CT), chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy (CT and EBRT), chemotherapy and external beam radiotherapy plus intracavitary brachytherapy (CT and EBRT plus ICBT). ^a Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of favoring the use of immuno-molecular therapy (IMT) were estimated from unadjusted logistic regression model. ^b Clinical factors independently associated with the use of IMT were identified from multivariate analysis using a stepwise logistic regression model, stratified by year of diagnosis and geographic region and adjusted for age, insurance status, facility type, site of distant metastasis, and first-line treatment, with the association expressed using adjusted OR and 95% CI. Race and ethnicity, comorbidity score, neighborhood income, histology, grade, and primary tumor size were less significant and excluded during the stepwise regression.