Table 4.
Studies of EUS-RFA and EUS-PDT for Unresectable PDAC.
| Author, Year | n | Study Groups | Indications | Outcomes | Adverse Events (AEs, %) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Song 2016 [115] | 6 | EUS-RFA | PDAC | Technical success 100% | No major AEs, mild abdominal pain (33%) |
| Scopelliti 2018 [117] | 10 | EUS-RFA | PDAC | Technical success 100% | No major AEs, mild abdominal pain (20%) |
| Crino 2018 [116] | 8 | EUS-RFA | PDAC | Technical success 100%, Pancreatic mass reduced 30% at 1 month | No major AEs, mild abdominal pain (38%) |
| Jiang 2021 [118] | 8 | EUS-RFA | PDAC | Technical success 100% Pancreatic mass reduced 34% at 1 month |
No major AEs |
| Oh 2022 [119] | 22 | EUS-RFA | PDAC | Technical success 100% Median survival 24 months |
Peritonitis (5%), mild abdominal pain (14%) |
| Thosani 2022 [120] | 10 | EUS-RFA | PDAC | Technical success 100% Tumor regression 78% Median survival 21 months |
No major AEs, abdominal pain (55%) |
| Kongkam 2023 [121] | 22 | EUS-RFA + chemotherapy (10) Chemotherapy alone (12) |
PDAC | Higher rate of tumor necrosis, slower rate in tumor growth, and less narcotics in RFA group No difference on survival |
No major AEs, mild acute pancreatitis (1 patients with RFA) |
| Choi 2015 [127] | 4 (only 1 PDAC) | EUS-PDT | Locally advanced pancreaticobiliary malignancies (two: Caudate lobe, one: distal bile duct, one: pancreatic tail) | Disease was stable in all patients in follow up of 5 months | No AEs |
| DeWitt 2017 [128] | 12 | EUS-PDT | PDAC | Technical success 100%, tumor necrosis in 50% of patients, tumor downstaging that permitted surgical resection in 2 patients | No major AEs, 33% had sunburned hands from sun exposure, nausea, photosensitivity, and skin hyperpigmentation |
| Hanada 2021 [129] | 8 | EUS-PDT | PDAC | Treatment necrosis 63% 7 patients had survival duration of 209 days and one patient had survival duration of 407 days |
No major AEs Day 2: moderate abdominal pain (13%), minimal pain (53%) Day 14: abdominal pain and diarrhea (12.5), abdominal pain requiring ER visit (12.5), hematochezia (12.5) |
PDAC: pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma; RFA: radiofrequency ablation; PDT: photodynamic therapy; G1: Group 1, G2: Group 2.