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. 2024 Feb 21;13(5):1208. doi: 10.3390/jcm13051208

Table 3.

The factors associated with long-COVID symptoms using univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses.

Univariable Logistic Regression Multivariable Logistic
Regression
Variable OR 95% CI p-Value OR 95% CI p-Value
Sex 1.465 0.908–2.363 0.118 1.431 0.874–2.344 0.154
Age (y)
 <60 Ref. Ref.
 ≥60 0.471 0.180–1.236 0.126 0.299 0.094–0.955 0.042
Comorbidity
Participant with ≥ 1 disease 1.605 0.969–2.656 0.066 1.635 0.957–2.794 0.072
 1. Hypertension 1.321 0.527–3.309 0.553
 2. Diabetes Mellitus 3.24 0.412–25.449 0.264
 3. Dyslipidemia 1.704 0.573–5.068 0.337
 4. Allergic rhinitis 1.375 0.55–3.435 0.496
 5. Anemia 1.151 0.127–10.429 0.901
 6. Hyperthyroid 1.761 0.209–14.828 0.603
 7. Chronic kidney disease 0.662 0.168–2.616 0.557
 8. Respiratory 0.563 0.165–1.915 0.357
 9. Gout 0.425 0.070–2.585 0.353
 10. Cerebrovascular disease 0.618 0.209–1.829 0.384
 11. Obesity 1.594 0.644–3.947 0.313
COVID symptoms
 Symptomatic COVID ≥ 1 symptom 1.318 0.802–2.164 0.213 0.737 0.385–1.412 0.359
 Cough 1.636 0.999–2.679 0.05 1.911 1.015–3.598 0.045
 Fever 0.775 0.420–1.431 0.415
 Sore throat 1.076 0.650–1.782 0.776
 Sputum 0.846 0.396–1.808 0.666
 Rhinorrhea 1.156 0.608–2.198 0.657
 Anosmia 1.737 0.206–14.628 0.611
 Fatigue 0.956 0.257–3.552 0.946
 Headache 1.301 0.276–6.136 0.739
 Myalgia 1.443 0.166–12.517 0.739
 Nasal congestion 0.425 0.070–2.585 0.353
 Pneumonia 2.843 0.650–12.453 0.166 2.044 0.528–7.907 0.065