Table 3.

List of acute cardiovascular conditions in which “emergency echocardiography” may be useful.

ACS/Acute Myocardial Infarction	Global and RWMAs
Mechanical complications of acute myocardial infarction	Mitral insufficiency for rupture of papillary muscle; acute/subacute rupture of free ventricular wall; rupture of interventricular septum; early post-infarction pericarditis; LV aneurysm; LV thrombus
Prosthetic valve dysfunction	Pannus or thrombosis; dehiscence; endocarditis
Heart valve diseases	Stenosis or insufficiency
Pericarditis/Cardiac Tamponade	Anechoic/hypo-echoic pericardial free space; pericardial effusion; signs of compression (collapse: RA systolic; RV diastolic; LA systolic; LV diastolic)
Cardiomyopathies/Myocarditis/Takotsubo	Global and regional wall motion abnormalities; parietal thickness; diastolic function; valve diseases; atrial dilatation
LVAD malfunction	Thrombosis; endocarditis; malposition
Acute aortic syndrome/aortic dissection	Intimal flap; acute AI; aortic dilatation
Acute pulmonary embolism	Signs of acute overload of the right ventricle and pulmonary hypertension
Acute heart failure/cardiogenic shock	Stroke volume; cardiac output; inferior vein cava
Acute complications in the cath lab	Pericardial effusion; cardiac tamponade; heart rupture
Acute complications of cardiac surgery	PNX; pericardial effusion; cardiac tamponade; valvular lesions
Endocarditis	Vegetations: abscesses; pseudoaneurysm; dehiscence; fistulae;
Tumors
PNX	Barcode sign; lung pulse and sliding sign absence; line A absence
Traumatic injuries of the heart	Pericardial effusion; cardiac tamponade; heart rupture

ACS: acute coronary syndrome; RWMAs: regional wall motion abnormalities; LV: left ventricle; LVAD: left ventricular assist device; AI: aortic insufficiency; PNX: pneumothorax.