Table 2.

Review of in vivo breast cancer-adipose preclinical platforms for breast cancer studies, which includes a summary of associated cell types, derivation, and key findings demonstrated in each study.

Platform	Cell Type(s)	Human-Derived (Y/N)	Patient-Derived Adipocytes or ASCs (Y/N)	Multi Patient Adipocytes or ASCs (Y/N)	Key Findings	Reference
Xenograft	ASCs, BT20, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, and HCC1806	Yes	Yes	No	ASCs derived from obese donors promote a pro-metastatic phenotype by upregulating epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT)-associated genes and promoting migration in vitro	[91]
	ASCs, MCF-7, T47D, and ZR-75	Yes	Yes	Yes	MCF-7 co-cultured with obese ASCs and irradiated prior to injection had increased tumor growth compared to cells that were not co-cultured before radiation	[49]
PDX	MDA-MB-231, TU-BCX-41C PDX, and TU-BCX-41C PDX derived cells	Yes	No	No	Provided a detailed characterization of a PDX model for metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The established PDX model maintained consistent matrix architecture and stiffness after multiple serial passages	[60]
	ASCs, human breast cancer PDX cells	Yes	Yes	Yes	Adipsin secreted from mammary ASCs promotes cancer stem cell-like properties and proliferation of human breast cancer PDX cells in vitro and in vivo	[92]
	TU-BCX-2 K1 PDX, ASCs	Yes	Yes	Yes	ASCs derived from obese donors promote a pro-metastatic phenotype by upregulating EMT-associated genes and promoting migration in vitro	[91]