Table 2.
Top 20 upregulated genes in α-syn high seeders.
| Gene Symbol | Official Full Name | Representative Pathways in C5 Gene Ontology Set | Reports in LBD or α-Syn | Fold Change (log2) | p-Value | Adjusted p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATM | ATM serine/threonine kinase | Lipid metabolic process, cell cycle phase transition | None | 0.498 | 0.0019 | 0.374 |
| FA2H | Fatty acid 2-hydroxylase | Schwann cell differentiation | None | 1.4 | 0.0025 | 0.374 |
| SCAMP2 | Secretory carrier membrane protein 2 | Recycling endosome membrane, Golgi vesicle transport | None | 0.253 | 0.0025 | 0.374 |
| RYR3 | Ryanodine receptor 3 | Calcium channel activity, transmembrane transporter activity | Association with neuronal calcium dyshomeostasis related to RyR and PD development [22]. | 1.44 | 0.0038 | 0.416 |
| GNPTG | N-acetylglucosamine-1-phosphate transferase subunit gamma | None | None | 0.636 | 0.0048 | 0.46 |
| FOLR1 | Folate receptor alpha | Cell recognition | None | 1.46 | 0.0055 | 0.46 |
| UGT8 | UDP glycosyltransferase 8 | Neuron development, membrane lipid metabolic process | None | 1.13 | 0.0056 | 0.46 |
| BACE1 | Beta-secretase 1 | Neuron apoptotic process, presynapse | BACE1 mRNA increase in the superior frontal gyrus in PD/DLB brains [23]. BACE1 polymorphism increases the risk of PD [24]. | 1.42 | 0.0069 | 0.46 |
| EMP2 | Epithelial membrane protein 2 | Caveola | None | 0.873 | 0.0078 | 0.501 |
| GALC | Galactosylceramidase | Abnormal head blood vessel morphology | Association with silent GALC mutations and the development of PD [25]. | 1.23 | 0.0086 | 0.501 |
| GJB1 | Gap junction protein beta 1 | None | None | 1.36 | 0.011 | 0.501 |
| MPC1 | Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier 1 | Abnormal circulating carbohydrate concentration | MPC inhibition is neuroprotective in multiple neurotoxin-based and genetic models of PD [26]. | 0.737 | 0.0118 | 0.501 |
| MOBP | Myelin-associated oligodendrocyte basic protein | None | MOBP polymorphism is a risk factor for PD [27]. MOBP immunoreactivity in LB [28]. | 1.54 | 0.012 | 0.501 |
| HDAC1 | Histone deacetylase 1 | None | HDAC1 inhibitor alleviates neuronal death in the experimental PD models [29]. | 0.492 | 0.0126 | 0.501 |
| TMEM206 | Transmembrane protein 206 | None | None | 1.26 | 0.0129 | 0.501 |
| S100B | S100 calcium binding protein B | Regulation of neuron differentiation, regulation of synaptic plasticity | Association with S100B polymorphisms and PD onset age [30]. S100B protein was higher in the SN of PD [31]. | 1.29 | 0.0134 | 0.501 |
| ADRA2A | Adrenoceptor alpha 2A | Adenylate cyclase activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling, transmembrane transport | α-2-adrenergic receptor binding increase in the locus coeruleus projection areas in DLB [32]. | 1.98 | 0.0136 | 0.501 |
| NEO1 | Neogenin 1 | Axon guidance | None | 0.532 | 0.0139 | 0.501 |
| PMP22 | Peripheral myelin protein 22 | Sensorimotor neuropathy | None | 1.03 | 0.014 | 0.501 |
| ADAM10 | ADAM metallopeptidase domain 10 | Synapse, plasma membrane region | ADAM10 polymorphism increases the risk of PD [33]. | 0.585 | 0.0143 | 0.501 |