Table 5.

Applying the gender and one health framework to Taenia solium: Research Stage 4.

4/Frame recommendations

One Health recommendation Interface: AH/HH/EH Technical recommendations (e.g., appropriate confining of pigs; appropriate anthelmintic use; vaccinate (where available); latrine provision; Water and Sanitation Hygiene (WASH) education on hygiene and cooking; site-appropriate anthelmintic use in humans) Policy recommendations (e.g., ensuring resources for meat inspection services; appropriate enforcement power for meat inspectors; make neurocysticercosis globally notifiable; consideration of cysticercosis endemicity within mass drug administration planning (e.g., mass drug administration in schools); policy environment for WASH).

Integrated gender considerations Recognize the most important gender considerations identified during research process that will affect who is likely to be involved in and benefit from scaling up and impact. Consider who may want to be involved and what measures are needed to ensure their involvement. Consider the gendered implications of any trade-offs, such as labor contributions for different interventions (e.g., young men for latrine construction, women for water collection to support WASH) vis-à-vis the acquired benefits. Ensure no one is harmed or worse off as a result of the intervention. Ensure that recommendations take into account gender considerations regarding access to facilities, resources or opportunities and benefits to avoid risk and identify equitable solutions.

Strategic gender considerations Ensure that the adopted interventions are implemented and scaled with positive societal outcomes enjoyed by women, men, girls, boys (across other relevant identity markers) Frame recommendations for targeted site-appropriate intervention taking into account gender norms that may affect the success and equitable outcomes of the intervention. Consider what systemic changes are needed for the intervention to be equitable (e.g., do labor policies need to be addressed? Is the engagement of community or religious leaders needed to achieve the desired goals?)

Institutional support needed: Support for all involved government service agents to promote appropriate gendered recommendations along the pork value chain e.g.: Community health and rural extension workers School administrators Inspectors at pork slaughterhouses Food safety inspectors at businesses serving pork