Table 3.
Means and standard deviations (SD) for independent and dependent variables overall and by neighborhood profile
| Overall | Advantaged | Middle-Class | Working-Class | Disadvantaged | Sig | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean or % | SD | Mean or % | SD | Mean or % | SD | Mean or % | SD | Mean or % | SD | ||
| Dependent variable | |||||||||||
| BMI z-scores | 0.38 | 1.49 | − 0.02 | 1.31 | 0.17 | 1.65 | 0.41 | 1.49 | 0.65 | 1.41 | < .01 |
| Independent variables | |||||||||||
| Sociodemographic | |||||||||||
| Age | 9.80 | 4.90 | 10.34 | 4.83 | 9.44 | 5.01 | 9.77 | 4.82 | 9.86 | 4.91 | < .01 |
| Sex | |||||||||||
| Girl | 48.00 | 0.50 | 40.38 | 0.49 | 49.80 | 0.50 | 48.96 | 0.50 | 50.00 | 0.50 | |
| Boy | 52.00 | 0.50 | 59.62 | 0.49 | 50.20 | 0.50 | 51.04 | 0.50 | 50.00 | 0.50 | |
| Race/ethnicity | |||||||||||
| Latinx | 56.90 | 0.50 | 9.58 | 0.29 | 30.65 | 0.46 | 69.58 | 0.46 | 82.70 | 0.38 | < .001 |
| Non-Latinx White | 15.24 | 0.36 | 33.91 | 0.47 | 28.30 | 0.45 | 7.68 | 0.27 | 4.97 | 0.22 | < .001 |
| Non-Latinx Black | 3.42 | 0.18 | 3.80 | 0.19 | 4.46 | 0.21 | 5.87 | 0.24 | 0.70 | 0.08 | |
| Asian | 9.76 | 0.30 | 19.50 | 0.40 | 19.56 | 0.40 | 6.53 | 0.25 | 2.40 | 0.15 | < .001 |
| Other Race | 14.68 | 0.35 | 33.22 | 0.47 | 17.04 | 0.38 | 10.33 | 0.30 | 9.23 | 0.27 | < .05 |
| Health insurance | |||||||||||
| Private | 28.92 | 0.45 | 77.57 | 0.42 | 47.28 | 0.49 | 15.89 | 0.37 | 7.61 | 0.27 | < .001 |
| Public | 71.08 | 0.45 | 22.43 | 0.42 | 52.72 | 0.49 | 84.11 | 0.37 | 92.39 | 0.27 | < .001 |
| Patient characteristics | |||||||||||
| Admission type | |||||||||||
| Elective | 32.13 | 0.47 | 36.84 | 0.48 | 43.97 | 0.50 | 28.52 | 0.45 | 25.33 | 0.44 | < .05 |
| Emergency | 35.15 | 0.48 | 28.90 | 0.45 | 27.90 | 0.45 | 37.75 | 0.49 | 40.35 | 0.49 | < .05 |
| Other | 32.72 | 0.49 | 34.25 | 0.47 | 28.13 | 0.45 | 33.73 | 0.47 | 34.32 | 0.47 | |
| Diagnosis | |||||||||||
| Bacterial and viral infection | 10.58 | 0.31 | 10.09 | 0.30 | 8.75 | 0.28 | 11.79 | 0.32 | 11.03 | 0.31 | < .05 |
| Diseases of the blood | 15.90 | 0.37 | 17.69 | 0.38 | 19.44 | 0.40 | 17.84 | 0.38 | 11.56 | 0.32 | < .001 |
| Endocrine and metabolic | 17.47 | 0.38 | 15.53 | 0.36 | 21.10 | 0.41 | 18.37 | 0.39 | 14.69 | 0.35 | < .001 |
| Circulatory system | 6.59 | 0.25 | 6.13 | 0.24 | 6.40 | 0.24 | 7.64 | 0.27 | 6.10 | 0.24 | |
| Nervous system | 16.82 | 0.37 | 17.95 | 0.38 | 20.81 | 0.41 | 17.00 | 0.38 | 13.78 | 0.34 | < .001 |
| Congenital and chromosomal | 11.96 | 0.32 | 11.22 | 0.32 | 13.21 | 0.34 | 11.52 | 0.32 | 11.95 | 0.32 | |
| Digestive system | 19.43 | 0.40 | 15.70 | 0.36 | 16.87 | 0.37 | 20.22 | 0.40 | 21.92 | 0.41 | < .001 |
| Genitourinary system | 6.06 | 0.24 | 6.04 | 0.24 | 4.75 | 0.21 | 6.75 | 0.25 | 6.38 | 0.24 | |
| Musculoskeletal system | 9.03 | 0.29 | 8.46 | 0.28 | 8.06 | 0.27 | 11.08 | 0.31 | 8.28 | 0.28 | < .01 |
| Respiratory system | 17.85 | 0.38 | 17.00 | 0.38 | 18.07 | 0.39 | 18.59 | 0.39 | 17.62 | 0.38 | |
| Trauma, injury, poisoning | 9.56 | 0.29 | 9.92 | 0.30 | 6.23 | 0.24 | 10.82 | 0.31 | 10.54 | 0.31 | < .001 |
| Other diagnoses | 35.26 | 0.48 | 39.78 | 0.49 | 31.79 | 0.47 | 34.75 | 0.48 | 35.66 | 0.48 | < .01 |
| Length of stay | 3.67 | 5.35 | 3.44 | 5.02 | 3.27 | 4.99 | 3.93 | 5.60 | 3.84 | 5.47 | < .01 |
| Pain-level | 4.48 | 3.51 | 4.12 | 3.49 | 4.01 | 3.42 | 4.74 | 3.58 | 4.68 | 3.47 | < .01 |
Source: Data are from the 2013–2018 electronic medical records and the 2014–2018 American Community Survey (ACS)
Asterisks indicate significance difference evaluated using two-tailed independent means t-test