Table 2.

Single nucleotide polymorphisms with significant effects on mandibular condyles traits.

Mandibular condyles trait	Gene SNP (1/2)*	Genotypes	Model coefficients				B-H P value	Model fit measures		Power estimate
			β	95% CI		P value		F test P value	Adjusted R2
				lower	upper
Symmetric PC2	BMP2 rs1005464 (A/G)	AG vs. GG	− 0.011	− 0.021	− 0.002	0.020	0.140	0.007	0.090	0.913
		AG + AA vs. GG	− 0.011	− 0.020	− 0.002	0.014	0.098	0.003	0.098	0.933
Asymmetric PC4	SMAD6 rs2119261 (T/C)	CT vs. CC	− 0.003	− 0.006	0.000	0.030	0.210	0.009	0.084	0.525
Symmetric log centroid size	BMP2 rs1005464 (A/G)	AG vs. GG	0.043	0.013	0.073	0.005	0.035	< 0.001	0.165	0.995
		AG + AA vs. GG	0.043	0.014	0.071	0.004	0.028	< 0.001	0.173	0.997
Mahalanobis shape FA scores	BMP2 rs1005464 (A/G)	AA vs. GG	0.917	0.195	1.639	0.013	0.091	0.011	0.082	0.890
		AA vs. AG + GG	0.828	0.117	1.539	0.023	0.109	0.009	0.076	0.865
	BMP4 rs17563 (G/A)	GG vs. AA	0.641	0.053	1.228	0.033	0.116	0.024	0.065	0.803
		GG vs. AG + AA	0.563	0.052	1.075	0.031	0.109	0.012	0.071	0.845
Condylar volume	BMP2 rs1005464 (A/G)	AG vs. GG	235.6	43.0	428.2	0.018	0.126	< 0.001	0.191	0.996
		AG + AA vs. GG	232.9	50.8	415.0	0.014	0.098	< 0.001	0.192	0.997

SNP—single nucleotide polymorphism, CI—confidence interval, B-H—Benjamini–Hochberg procedure, PC—principal component, log—natural logarithm, FA—fluctuating asymmetry.

* (1 = minor allele / 2 = major allele).

Common homozygous genotypes were established as the reference category in the models.