Table 4.
Differences in mean values (standard deviation (SD)) of resultant contact force (Fres) and torsional torque (Mtors) between OWAS-AL with T-test results and Cohen’s d effect size or ANOVA results and η2 effect size.
| Stoop lifting | Squat lifting | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OWAS-AL1 | OWAS-AL2 | OWAS-AL1 | OWAS-AL2 | OWAS-AL3 | |
| Fres (SD) [%BW] | |||||
| HI | 117(27) | 211(80) | 123(37) | 124(37) | 195(68) |
| p < 0.01, d = 1.48 | p < 0.01*, η2 = 0.29 | ||||
| KI | 118(19) | 165(38) | 112(20) | 128(21) | 172(33) |
| p < 0.01, d = 1.50 | p < 0.01, η2 = 0.53 | ||||
| VBR | 63(37) | 123(43) | 57(41) | 84(34) | 138(50) |
| p < 0.01, d = 1.49 | p < 0.01, η2 = 0.43 | ||||
| Mtors (SD) [%BWm] | |||||
| HI | 0.28(0.21) | 0.63(0.55) | 0.38(0.26) | 0.55(0.32) | 1.38(0.85) |
| p < 0.01, d = 0.81 | p < 0.01, η2 = 0.36 | ||||
| KI | 0.44(0.13) | 0.44(0.23) | 0.33(0.12) | 0.25(0.13) | 0.16(0.15) |
| p = 0.78, d = 0.01 | p < 0.01, η2 = 0.28 | ||||
| VBR | 0.10(0.05) | 0.15(0.05) | 0.10(0.04) | 0.12(0.04) | 0.15(0.05) |
| p < 0.01, d = 0.99 | p < 0.01, η2 = 0.21 | ||||
(HI = hip implant, VBR = vertebral body replacement, KI = knee implant, OWAS-AL1 = OWAS action level 1, OWAS-AL2 = OWAS action level 2, OWAS-AL3 = OWAS action level 3, * = post-hoc test between OWAS-AL1 and OWAS-AL2 not significant).