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. 2024 Mar 12;14:5956. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-56466-8

Table 3.

Logistic regression model analysis of key determinants associated with poverty.

Variable Odds SE Z-value P-value Lower 95% CI Upper 95% CI
Age group
 15–19 Reference
 20–24 1.087327 0.1217815 0.75 0.455 0.8730216 1.35424
 25–29 1.279387 0.1372602 2.30 0.022 1.036764 1.036764
 30–34 1.38871 0.1491225 3.06 0.002 1.125144 1.714018
 35–39 1.143936 0.1225597 1.26 0.209 0.9272675 1.411231
 40–44 1.018682 0.1117848 0.17 0.866 0.8215464 1.263121
 45–49 1.28251 0.1479415 2.16 0.031 1.022992 1.607865
Maternal education
 No education Reference
 Primary 2.998338 0.1704348 19.32 0.000 2.682228 3.351703
 Secondary 26.59666 8.386415 10.40 0.000 14.33599 49.34312
 Higher 8.485417 5.130254 3.54 0.000 2.594416 27.7528
Household size 0.9850939 0.0061927 -2.39 0.017 0.9730309 0.9973065
Age of household head 1.002767 0.0011735 2.36 0.018 1.00047 1.00507
Sex of household head
 Female Reference
 Male .8018376 0.0231724 -7.64 0.000 0.7576829 0.8485655
Maternal employment status
 Yes Reference
 No 0.9981961 0.1282396 -0.01 0.989 .7759984 1.284017
Husband employment status
 Yes Reference
 No 0.3218246 0.0091556 -39.85 0.000 0.3043711 0.3402789
Husband education
 No ed (Ref)
 Primary 1.439087 0.0761774 6.88 0.000 1.297266 1.596412
 Secondary 5.105135 0.3678985 22.62 0.000 4.432675 5.879611
 Higher 12.18714 1.886552 16.15 0.000 8.997817 16.50695
Region
 Awdal Reference
 Waqooyigalbed 1.13132 0.0894105 1.56 0.118 0.968977 1.320863
 Togdheer 3.525278 0.2778832 15.98 0.000 3.020624 4.114244
 Sool 2.953598 0.2288887 13.98 0.000 2.537392 3.438073
 Sanag 2.514173 0.1950631 11.88 0.000 2.159506 2.92709
 Bari 1.047298 0.0843198 0.57 0.566 0.894 1.226315
 Nugal 1.140189 0.0949141 1.58 0.115 0.9685438 1.342253
 Mudug 1.006054 0.0835948 0.07 0.942 0.8548567 1.183993
 Galdaduud 1.345585 0.1104544 3.62 0.000 1.145616 1.580459
 Hiran 1.065255 0.091278 0.74 0.461 0.9005693 1.260057
 Middle shabelle 1.49944 0.1242415 4.89 0.000 1.274676 1.763837
 Banadir 3.092402 0.2402945 14.53 0.000 2.655544 3.601127
 Bay 8.065486 0.9646898 17.45 0.000 6.380001 6.380001
 Bakol 1.955825 0.1556497 8.43 0.000 1.673359 2.285972
 Gedo .6609969 0.055718 -4.91 0.000 0.5603358 .7797413
 Lower juba 2.959751 0.2430127 13.22 0.000 2.519803 3.476513
Place of residence
 Rural (ref)
 Urban .8867439 0.034032 -3.13 0.002 0.8224893 0.9560182
 Nomadic 1.596815 0.0696994 10.72 0.000 1.465887 1.739437
Water source
 Improved Reference
 Unimproved .6567353 0.020311 -13.60 0.000 0.618109 0.6977753
Toilet facility
 Improved Reference
 Unimproved .8566099 0.0374347 -3.54 0.000 0.7862936 0.9332143
 Intercept 16.6144 3.748576 12.46 0.000 10.67664 25.8544

Significant values are in [bold].