Table 2.

Effect sizes of Pb, silicon, and iron nanoparticles on various parameters based on Cohen’s criteria.

	Effect size (r)
	Fe	Si	Pb	Fe × Si	Fe × Pb	Si × Pb	Fe × Si × Pb
SL	0.908	0.899	0.778	0.962	0.124	0.308	0.501
RFW	0.832	0.784	0.816	0.979	0.021	0.429	0.656
RDW	0.811	0.891	0.939	0.952	0.386	0.524	0.209
SDW	0.933	0.822	0.951	0.961	0.201	0.636	0.125
Pb root	0.407	0.649	0.998	0.766	0.999	0.998	0.991
Pb shoot	0.702	0.938	0.996	0.880	0.995	0.999	0.998
Fe root	1.000	0.922	0.835	0.999	0.998	0.704	1.000
Fe shoot	0.998	0.018	0.847	0.981	0.996	0.354	0.987
Si root	0.908	0.999	0.976	0.999	0.976	0.997	0.997
Si shoot	0.032	0.996	0.522	0.998	0.547	0.999	0.995
SOD	0.989	0.983	0.843	0.992	0.994	0.993	0.997
POD	0.820	0.748	0.764	0.958	0.982	0.989	0.990
CAT	0.984	0.9785	0.922	0.998	0.993	0.996	0.998
GSH	0.972	0.969	0.927	0.984	0.976	0.975	0.988
Chl a	0.977	0.923	0.990	0.993	0.029	0.023	0.912
Chl b	0.977	0.879	0.856	0.919	0.716	0.674	0.679
Carotenoids	0.964	0.878	0.976	0.944	0.760	0.786	0.934
H2O2	0.862	0.862	0.630	0.950	0.184	0.171	0.767
MDA	0.958	0.949	0.728	0.984	0.917	0.757	0.964

Small effectη2 = 0.04; Moderate effectη2 = 0.25; Large effectη2 = 0.64. Please see Table 1 for traits abbreviations.