Table 3.
Association of Medical Exposures and Acquisition of Carbapenemase-Producing Organisms During Initial Months of an Outbreak, by Carbapenemase Gene Detected, Long-Term Acute-Care Hospital A (LTACHA), Florida, July 13–December 7, 2017
| Medical Exposures | bla VIM | bla KPC | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted RR a | 95% CI | P Value | Adjusted RR a | 95% CI | P Value | |
| Oral vancomycin | 1.22 | 0.92–1.63 | .170 | 1.37 | 0.98–1.93 | .066 |
| Feeding tube | 1.07 | 1.02–1.14 | .022 | 1.18 | 1.01–1.39 | .041 |
| BiPAP/CPAP | 0.94 | 0.89–0.98 | .015 | 0.96 | 0.76–1.22 | .744 |
| Hemodialysis | 1.02 | 0.93–1.12 | .695 | 1.14 | 0.93–1.40 | .195 |
| Mechanical ventilation | 1.09 | 0.97–1.23 | .163 | 1.05 | 0.89–1.25 | .519 |
| PICC line | 1.05 | 0.93–1.18 | .437 | 1.21 | 1.02–1.45 | .030 |
| Speech therapy | 1.12 | 0.97–1.29 | .127 | 1.08 | 0.64–1.85 | .752 |
| Tracheostomy | 1.13 | 1.03–1.24 | .010 | 1.07 | 0.91–1.25 | .408 |
| ≥ 3 indwelling devices b | 1.14 | 1.03–1.26 | .014 | 1.21 | 1.02–1.43 | .025 |
Note. VIM, Verona-integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase; KPC, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase; LOS, length of stay; ICU, intensive care unit; BiPAP/CPAP, bilevel/continuous positive airway pressure; PICC, peripherally inserted central catheter. P values were based on a 2-tailed probability and a significance level set at α < .05.
All models were adjusted for age, sex, length of stay, and intensive care unit stay.
Device cutoff was determined a priori; the referent group for medical exposures was the absence of the device and the referent group for ≥3 devices was 0–2 devices. Device history was collected through procedure logs provided by LTACH-A on a monthly basis.