Figure 4.
The activity of tRNAValCAC/AAC-derived sncRNAs in inducing cytokine production in macrophages
(A) Mtb plasma sample was treated with RNase A and/or Triton X-100 and then subjected to TaqMan RT-qPCR for quantification of 5′-tRNA halves. The graph displays average values of relative abundance, with data from untreated sample set as 1. Error bars indicate the SD. (B) After DOTAP-mediated endosomal delivery of the indicated RNAs, cytokine mRNA levels were quantified using RT-qPCR. The graph displays average values of relative abundance, with data for ssRNA41 set as 1. Error bars indicate the SD. (C) After DOTAP-mediated endosomal delivery of the indicated RNAs, culture medium was analyzed by ELISA to measure concentrations of the indicated cytokines. Two independent experiments were performed, the results of which are shown as separate bars.