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. 2024 Feb 27;9:e45536. doi: 10.2196/45536

Table 1.

Characteristics at enrollment survey and side effects of COVID-19 vaccines reported by participants at the first or second vaccine dose, by self-reported diabetic status.


All participants (N=7141)

People with diabetes (n=724) No reported diabetes (n=6417)
Days of follow-up from completion of COVID-19 vaccine regimen (ie, last dose in regimen), n 724 6417

Mean (SD) 182.1 (144.4) 175.0 (143.9)

Median (IQR) 170.0 (38.0-319.5) 145 (37.0-314.0)

Range 0-598.0 0-747.0
Age (years), n 724 6417

Mean (SD) 57.8 (12.04) 47.5 (15.57)

Median (IQR) 60 (51.0-66.0) 46 (34.0-61.0)
Age group (years), n 724 6417

18-29, n (%) 14 (1.9) 767 (12.0)

30-39, n (%) 46 (6.4) 1704 (26.6)

40-49, n (%) 106 (14.6) 1013 (15.8)

50-59, n (%) 193 (26.7) 1104 (17.2)

>60, n (%) 365 (50.4) 1829 (28.5)
Gender , n 724 6417

Self-described as female, n (%) 552 (76.2) 5375 (83.8)
Race, n 724 6409

Black, n (%) 19 (2.6) 100 (1.6)

White, n (%) 651 (89.9) 5793 (90.4)

Other, n (%) 54 (7.5) 516 (8.1)
Ethnicity, n 720 6402

Hispanic or Latino, n (%) 39 (5.4) 369 (5.8)
BMI, n 714 6286

Underweight or normal weight (15.0≤BMI<25.0), n (%) 66 (9.2) 1802 (28.7)

Overweight (25.0≤BMI<30.0), n (%) 150 (21.0) 1825 (29.0)

Obese (30.0≤BMI≤40.0), n (%) 323 (45.2) 2026 (32.2)

Severe obesity (BMI>40.0), n (%) 175 (24.5) 633 (10.1)
Education, n 720 6406

High school or less, n (%) 89 (12.4) 525 (8.2)

Some college, n (%) 273 (37.9) 1845 (28.8)

4 year college degree, n (%) 140 (19.4) 1731 (27.0)

>4 year college degree, n (%) 218 (30.3) 2305 (36.0)
Smoker, n 671 6181

Yes, n (%) 73 (10.9) 571 (9.2)
Vaccinated for influenza, n 721 6358

Yes, n (%) 568 (78.8) 4659 (73.3)
Other medical conditions, n 724 6410

Hypertension, n (%) 409 (56.5) 1286 (20.1)

Depression, n (%) 294 (40.6) 2007 (31.3)

Insomnia or trouble sleeping, n (%) 275 (38.0) 1889 (29.5)

Anxiety, n (%) 272 (37.6) 2515 (39.2)

Autoimmune disease, n (%) 146 (20.2) 732 (11.4)

Cardiovascular disease, n (%) 129 (17.8) 311 (4.9)

Lung disease, n (%) 113 (15.6) 585 (9.1)

Kidney disease, n (%) 70 (9.7) 176 (2.7)

Blood disorder, n (%) 36 (5.0) 150 (2.3)
Manufacturer of COVID-19 vaccine received, n 724 6417

Pfizer, n (%) 327 (45.2) 3124 (48.7)

Moderna, n (%) 317 (43.8) 2502 (39.0)

J&J, n (%) 80 (11.0) 791 (12.3)
Categories of number of side effects to COVID-19 vaccines, n 724 6417

No side effects, n (%) 93 (12.8) 530 (8.3)

1 to 2 side effects, n (%) 300 (41.4) 2186 (34.1)

3 or more side effects, n (%) 331 (45.7) 3701 (57.7)
Number of side effects to COVID-19 vaccines, n 724 6417

Mean (SD) 2.7 (2.0) 3.1 (2.0)

Median (IQR) 2 (1.0-4.0) 3 (2.0-5.0)

Range 0-9 0-10
Specific side effects to COVID-19 vaccines, n 724 6417

Injection site reactions, n (%) 530 (73.2) 4995 (77.8)

Fatigue, n (%) 435 (60.1) 4484 (69.9)

Headache, n (%) 284 (39.2) 3126 (48.7)

New or worsening muscle pain, n (%) 177 (24.4) 1928 (30.0)

Fever, n (%) 171 (23.6) 1938 (30.2)

New or worsening joint pain, n (%) 142 (19.6) 1360 (21.2)

Nausea or vomiting, n (%) 91 (12.6) 1016 (15.8)

Swollen lymph nodes, n (%) 71 (9.8) 724 (11.3)

Chills, n (%) 20 (2.8) 312 (4.9)

Diarrheaa, n (%) <10 72 (1.1)

Dizzinessa, n (%) <10 76 (1.2)

Severe allergic reactiona, n (%) <10 35 (0.5)

aPercentage not shown for <10 responses.