Table 1.
Summary of included studies.
| Author (Year) |
Country | Cancer Type |
Sample Size |
Age (Mean) |
BMI (Mean) |
Male (%) |
Malnutrition (%) |
Intervention Timing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Li XK (2021) [11] | China | Esophageal | 103 | 62.1 | 23.6 | 68.9 | NA | Pre + Post |
| Kanekiyo S (2019) [12] | Japan | Esophageal | 40 | 65.0 | 21.9 | 80.0 | 25.0 | Pre + Post |
| Mudge LA (2018) [13] | Denmark | Esophageal | 276 | 62.5 | 26.9 | 80.8 | 16.0 | Pre + Post |
| Ma C (2018) [14] | Taiwan | Gastric | 34 | 60.2 | 24.2 | 64.7 | NA | Pre + Post |
| Scislo L (2018) [15] | Poland | Gastric | 98 | 62.9 | 24.7 | 72.5 | NA | Post |
| Kitagawa H (2017) [16] | Japan | Esophageal | 29 | 67.1 | 21.0 | 75.9 | 24.1 | Pre |
| Matsuda Y (2017) [17] | Japan | Esophageal | 72 | 64.1 | 21.3 | 75.0 | 34.7 | Post |
| Ida S (2017) [18] | Japan | Gastric | 123 | 65.0 | 22.7 | 72.4 | NA | Pre + Post |
| Marano L (2013) [19] | Italy | Gastric | 109 | 66.6 | 23.1 | 65.1 | 57.8 | Post |
| Fujitani K (2012) [20] | Japan | Gastric | 231 | 64.0 | 22.7 | 72.4 | 2.2 | Pre |
| Sultan J (2012) [21] | UK | Esophageal | 132 | 67.0 | 25.8 | 75.8 | 8.3 | Pre + Post |
| Jiang ZM (2010) [22] | China | Upper GI | 203 | 58.2 | 23.1 | 64.5 | NA | Post |
| Okamoto Y (2009) [23] | Japan | Gastric | 60 | 66.9 | NA | 70.0 | NA | Pre |
| Gunerhan Y (2009) [24] | Turkey | Upper GI | 29 | 64.6 | 24.1 | 41.4 | 55.2 | Pre |
| Kłek S (2005) [25] | Poland | Upper GI | 90 | 61.9 | NA | 56.7 | 54.4 | Post |
| Farreras N (2005) [26] | Spain | Gastric | 60 | 68.0 | NA | 53.3 | 21.7 | Post |
| Adiamah A (2021) [27] | UK | Upper GI | 108 | 66.6 | NA | 76.9 | NA | Post |
| Yildiz SY (2016) [28] | Turkey | Upper GI | 41 | 64.1 | 22.0 | 70.7 | NA | Pre + Post |
| Sakurai Y (2007) [29] | Japan | Esophageal | 30 | 63.0 | NA | 43.3 | NA | Pre + Post |
| Lobo DN (2006) [30] | UK | Upper GI | 108 | 66.2 | NA | 76.9 | 8.3 | Post |
| Healy LA (2017) [31] | Ireland | Esophageal | 191 | 62.0 | 28.1 | 79.1 | 4.2 | Pre + Post |
| Ryan AM (2009) [32] | Ireland | Esophageal | 53 | 63.9 | 25.9 | 71.7 | 4.0 | Pre + Post |
| Aiko S (2009) [33] | Japan | Esophageal | 29 | 62.1 | NA | 90.0 | NA | Post |
BMI—body mass index, GI—gastrointestinal, NA—not applicable, UK—United Kingdom.