. 2024 Feb 25;13(5):632. doi: 10.3390/plants13050632

Table 2.

Infectivity (mean % pupal mortality ± SE), ∆E% and class of S. brazilense IBCBn 06, S. carpocapsae IBCBn 02, H. amazonensis IBCBn 24, and H. bacteriophora HB after 48 h of exposure to insecticides (IOBC/WPRS protocol—15).

Treatment	S. brazilense IBCBn 06			S. carpocapsae IBCBn 02
Treatment	Infectivity (%) ^a	∆E% ¹	Class/IOBC ²	Infectivity (%) ^a	∆E% ¹	Class/IOBC ²
EPN only Control	16.00 ± 0.70 aB	_	_	42.00 ± 1.37 aA	_	_
Deltametrin	14.00 ± 1.67 aC	12.50	1	26.00 ± 1.22 bB	38.10	2
Lambda-cyalothrin	14.00 ± 0.44 bA	12.50	1	18.00 ± 2.62 bA	57.14	2
Malathion	12.00 ± 0.70 aC	25.00	1	26.10 ± 2.09 bB	38.10	2
Phosmet	14.00 ± 0.44 aC	12.50	1	40.00 ± 2.44 aAB	4.76	1
Azadirachtin	16.00 ± 0.31 aB	0.00	1	28.00 ± 3.74 bA	33.33	2
Thiamethoxam	10.00 ± 0.94 bB	37.50	2	26.00 ± 6.78 bA	38.10	2
Acetamiprid	6.00 ± 0.70 cB	62.50	2	40.00 ± 2.72 aA	4.76	1
Spinetoram	14.00 ± 0.54 aC	12.50	1	32.00 ± 1.44 bA	23.81	1
Abamectin	14.00 ± 0.89 aC	12.50	1	36.00 ± 1.70 aA	14.29	1
Novaluron	14.00 ± 0.70 aB	12.50	1	38.00 ± 3.39 aA	9.52	1
F	12.00			5.64
d.f	10, 44			10, 44
p	<0.0001			<0.0001
Treatment	H. amazonensis IBCBn 24			H. bacteriophora HB
	Infectivity (%) ^a	∆E% ¹	Class/IOBC ²	Infectivity (%) ^a	∆E% ¹	Class/IOBC ²
EPN only Control	40.00 ± 1.97 aA	_	_	38.00 ± 3.74 aA	_	_
Deltametrin	14.00 ± 1.37 cC	65.00	2	34.00 ± 2.45 aA	10.52	1
Lambda-cyalothrin	10.00 ± 3.16 cA	75.00	2	18.00 ± 3.74 bA	52.63	2
Malathion	20.00 ± 1.70 bB	50.00	2	36.00 ± 2.44 aA	5.26	1
Phosmet	40.00 ± 0.00 aBC	0.00	1	38.00 ± 2.00 aA	0.00	1
Azadirachtin	24.00 ± 1.81 bAB	40.00	2	20.00 ± 3.16 bAB	47.37	2
Thiamethoxam	10.00 ± 0.63 cB	75.00	2	36.00 ± 2.44 aA	5.26	1
Acetamiprid	14.00 ± 2.44 cB	65.00	2	36.00 ± 2.44 aA	5.26	1
Spinetoram	20.00 ± 1.70 bBC	50.00	2	26.00 ± 4.00 bAB	31.58	2
Abamectin	16.00 ± 1.37 cC	60.00	2	24.00 ± 2.45 bB	36.84	2
Novaluron	24.00 ± 2.44 bB	40.00	2	18.00 ± 3.74 bB	52.63	2
F	9.16			6.60
d.f.	10, 44			10, 44
p	<0.0001			<0.0001

^a Means followed by different lowercase letters in the same column and uppercase letters in the same line indicate significant differences between insecticides for a given nematode, and between nematodes for a given insecticide, respectively (Tukey HSD test, p < 0.05). ¹ Change in infectivity efficiency calculated by the formula ∆E% = 100 − (1 − mt/mc) × 100, ² WPRS class: 1—nontoxic (∆E% < 30%), 2—slightly toxic (∆E% = 30% to 79%), 3—moderately toxic (∆E% = 80% to 99%), and 4—toxic (∆E% > 99%).