Figure 3.

α-Synuclein regulates the permeability of VDAC pores in the outer mitochondrial membrane. A) The voltage dependence of the residence time of α-Syn in VDAC can be used as an estimate for the membrane potential necessary to drive translocation. α-Syn can be modeled as a diblock polymer with a B) polyanionic region and a C) weakly charged region which presents characteristic states during a resistive pulse event. D) Modeling the state transitions with a three-state Markov chain model allows for the potential dependent occupancy and mean state times to be modeled resulting in a detailed thermodynamic description of the translocation process. Error bars represent one standard deviation from the mean using a bootstrap analysis. Reproduced with permission.^[65,66] Copyright 2015, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Copyright 2017, The Royal Society of Chemistry.