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The flowchart of present study and basic assumptions of MR analysis. The objective of this two-sample bidirectional MR analysis is to investigate the causality between epigenetic age acceleration and AVS. The GWAS meta-analysis utilized in this study is from mixed-sex European cohorts. Abbreviation: AVS: aortic valve stenosis; GWAS: genome-wide association studies; MR: Mendelian randomization; SNPs: single-nucleotide polymorphisms
