Table 3.

The codebook of the list of barriers (themes and sub-themes) experienced by veterinarians in clinical practice

Themes	Sub-themes
Theme 1: Financial constraints including clients’ economic limitations	Restricted physical resources. Restrictions on employing more staff. Restrictions which impede good management. Clients’ economic limitations.
Theme 2: Inadequate practice management skills	Multiple roles. Standardising Standard Operating Procedures (SOP). Improving management. Productive deployment of staff and efficient use of time.
Theme 3: An emphasis on cleanliness and sterility in the cage	Veterinarians’ perceptions. Did not offer 24-h service.
Theme 4: Views on the importance of bedding for reducing of post-operative stress in cats and the relationship with pain recognition	Provide comfort and warmth. Provide a safe and secure place. Subjective and individual variations. Requirement for more management presentation, no effect on post-surgery cats.