Table 4.
Estimated numbers of farmed fishes killed for food by country (2019), with comparative birds and mammals and stated legal protection
| Rank | Country | Finfish production 1 ‘000 t | % Total fish tonnage | Estimated numbers (millions) 1 to 2 sig fig | % Total numbers (midpoint) | Number of birds (millions) 1 | Number of mammals (millions) 1 | Any animal welfare law covering fish slaughter? 2 | Top species | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | Midpoint | General | Some detail | ||||||||
| 1 | China | 27,086 | 48% | 43,000 | 100,000 | 72,000 | 58% | 13,776 | 1,223 | No | Pond loach | |
| 2 | Indonesia | 4,913 | 9% | 9,000 | 22,000 | 15,000 | 12% | 4,883 | 31 | Yes | No | Torpedo-shaped catfishes nei |
| 3 | India | 7,006 | 12% | 5,000 | 10,000 | 7,700 | 6% | 2,765 | 109 | Yes | No | Catla |
| 4 | Bangladesh | 2,343 | 4% | 3,200 | 5,700 | 4,500 | 4% | 347 | 36 | No | Tilapias nei | |
| 5 | Vietnam | 3,137 | 6% | 3,000 | 5,600 | 4,300 | 3% | 633 | 46 | Yes | No | Striped catfish |
| 6 | Philippines | 709 | 1% | 2,200 | 3,800 | 3,000 | 2% | 1,242 | 32 | Yes 3 | No | Milkfish |
| 7 | Myanmar | 1,020 | 2% | 1,900 | 3,900 | 2,900 | 2% | 1,397 | 26 | No | Silver barb | |
| 8 | Egypt | 1,642 | 3% | 2,100 | 3,700 | 2,900 | 2% | 994 | 46 | No | Nile tilapia | |
| 9 | Thailand | 431 | 1% | 740 | 2,300 | 1,500 | 1% | 1,287 | 14 | No | Nile tilapia | |
| 10 | Turkey | 367 | 1% | 810 | 1,400 | 1,100 | 1% | 1,215 | 33 | Yes | No | European seabass |
| 11 | Cambodia | 292 | 1% | 620 | 1,200 | 930 | 1% | 25 | 3 | ? | Silver barb | |
| 12 | Brazil | 530 | 1% | 630 | 1,200 | 900 | 1% | 5,906 | 89 | No | Nile tilapia | |
| 13 | EU27 | 536 | 1% | 620 | 1,000 | 810 | 1% | 6,694 | 337 | Yes 4 | No 4 | Gilthead seabream |
| 14 | Iran | 450 | 1% | 600 | 770 | 690 | 1% | 1,970 | 8 | No | Rainbow trout | |
| 15 | Nigeria | 289 | 1% | 340 | 830 | 590 | <1% | 240 | 56 | Yes | No | North African catfish |
| 16 | Taiwan | 198 | <1% | 320 | 670 | 490 | <1% | 412 | 8 | Yes | No | Milkfish |
| 17 | Japan | 278 | <1% | 270 | 530 | 400 | <1% | 803 | 17 | No | Silver seabream | |
| 18 | Malaysia | 153 | <1% | 210 | 530 | 370 | <1% | 630 | 2 | Yes | No | Torpedo-shaped catfishes nei |
| 19 | Colombia | 165 | <1% | 220 | 480 | 350 | <1% | 965 | 11 | Yes 5 | No | Tilapias nei |
| 20 | South Korea | 112 | <1% | 180 | 370 | 280 | <1% | 1,045 | 19 | No | Bastard halibut | |
| 21 | USA | 203 | <1% | 250 | 290 | 270 | <1% | 9,594 | 167 | No | Channel catfish | |
| 22 | Norway | 1,451 | 3% | 210 | 310 | 260 | <1% | 70 | 3 | Yes 3 | Yes | Atlantic salmon |
| 23 | Peru | 57 | <1% | 210 | 270 | 240 | <1% | 787 | 65 | Yes 3 | No | Rainbow trout |
| 24 | Chile | 990 | 2% | 190 | 280 | 230 | <1% | 311 | 7 | Yes | No | Atlantic salmon |
| 37 | UK | 203 | <1% | 42 | 59 | 51 | <0.1% | 1,136 | 29 | Yes | No | Atlantic salmon |
| 39 | Canada | 144 | <1% | 27 | 53 | 40 | <0.1% | 796 | 52 | Some 6 | ? | Atlantic salmon |
| 48 | Australia | 73 | <1% | 15 | 36 | 26 | <0.1% | 667 | 47 | Some 6 | NSW? 6 | Atlantic salmon |
| 73 | Switzerland | 2 | <0.01% | 4.7 | 7.4 | 6.1 | <0.01% | 78 | 4 | Yes 3 | Yes | European perch |
| 82 | New Zealand | 14 | <0.1% | 4.1 | 4.1 | 4.1 | <0.01% | 125 | 27 | Yes 5 | Yes | Chinook salmon |
| Total above | 54,794 | 97% | 76,000 | 170,000 | 120,000 | 98% | 60,793 | 2,548 | ||||
| Others | 1,534 | 3% | 1,600 | 2,800 | 2,200 | 2% | 15,956 | 898 | ||||
| World | 56,327 | 100% | 78,000 | 170,000 | 120,000 | 100% | 76,748 | 3,445 | ||||
Source of fish tonnage: FAO (2021). Source of fish numbers: see text. Source of birds & mammals: FAO (2020a).
According to the authors’ interpretation, laws in several countries contain general animal welfare requirements covering farmed fish slaughter, usually one to avoid unnecessary suffering (see Table S8). Law with some detail means fish-specific, but not species-specific, slaughter welfare codes.
Law appears specifically to require proper stunning, or that immediate unconsciousness is caused, at slaughter.
No detailed law at EU level.
Law specifically requires rapid loss of consciousness or rapid death.
No federal law. Yes in one or more states but not all.