Table 4.

Cage-free egg producers’ responses to the question ‘What would be some of the solutions to the challenges?’, shown as frequency of theme across all countries

Emerging themes	Philippines	China	Indonesia	Japan	Malay	Thailand	Total
Information and training for producers Knowledge/skills transfer (including international), on-farm/operation (health, records, environment, system)	2		1			1	4
Public education Animal welfare awareness, reduced criticism (media)		1	1	1			3
Improved marketing Product awareness, consumer behaviour, demand, expansion, market differentiation (including high end access)	2	4				3	9
Egg pricing Product cost reflective sales price, premium placement	1			1		1	3
Improving on-farm practices Improving efficiency, reducing production cost, improving feed conversation ratio, best practice husbandry/management, establish documented procedures, use fences, adequate space and resources, problem solving, egg quality management, sourcing appropriate hen breeds and good quality feed and litter, supplier communications, reduce emissions	5	4	5	3	1	1	19
Disease prevention and management Including farm hygiene, establish biosecurity programmes	1	1	2				4
Increasing investment Housing, equipment, professional workers, technology	2	1				1	4
Government support Financial support (including tax incentives), increased product awareness, establishing animal welfare standards	3	1					4
Other support NGO support, financial support, research to improve knowledge	1			1		1	3