Table 2.

Mare vaporum instrument

Feature	Statistic	Modulation	Description
3D accel. Magnitude	None: (indiv.)	–	Each dancer controls a pulsar synthesizer amplitude-convolved with looping samples of human voices. (Amplitude convolution is a frequency-domain operation that uses bin amplitudes of one sound to modulate the bin amplitudes of another.) Increasing magnitude is coupled to increased audio gain, pulsar frequency, spatial reverberation, and decreasing duty cycle from 50 to 1% to increase spectral brightness.
3D accel. Magnitude	Mean	–	Granular synthesis of looping audio buffer. Increasing magnitude increases granulation frequency. Grain length is fixed at 250 ms. Steep shelf filters roll off low and high frequencies.
Gyroscope Z	Absolute mean	Pitch (mean)	Increasing angular velocity is coupled to increasing pulsar frequency. Pulsar probability is fixed at 75%. Additional spectral effects. Aggregate mean pitch modulates duty cycle.
Gyroscope Y	Absolute mean	–	Granular synthesis of looping audio buffer. Increasing magnitude increases granulation frequency and boosts middle frequencies. Low frequencies are attenuated. The audio loop is pitched up and grain length is fixed at 50 ms. Automated panning.
Gyroscope X	Absolute mean	Pitch (mean) + 3D acceleration magnitude	Controls a pulsar synthesizer that enlivens a resonant filter bank. Unlike other mappings, aggregate mean pitch controls features that would more intuitively be coupled to motion: increasing pulsar frequency, decreasing duty cycle, and noise-modulation of a short delay line adding spectral complexity. An amplitude gain control at the end of the signal chain is coupled to aggregate mean 3D acceleration magnitude. (Figure 3 shows this mapping.)
Linear accel. Z-axis	Absolute mean	–	A distorted sinusoid waveform tuned to E0 is triggered by group stomping when a predefined threshold is exceeded. The decay envelope duration is set to 300 ms. To make this sound more gestural rather than simply triggered, the magnitude of group stomping is coupled to additional down-sampling of the waveform, increasing its spectral complexity by degrading the signal resolution. Refer to the video at https://vimeo.com/393324437 for a stomping demonstration using this mapping.
3D accel. Magnitude	Mean	Yaw (circular variance)	Controls the amplitude gain of a synthesized bass tone. Yaw variance is coupled to spatial reverberation, spectral effects, depth of low-frequency oscillation (LFO), and rhythmic rate of a resonant lowpass filter. When yaw variance crosses a threshold, the bass tone cycles to a new note (A0, E1, or E0), triggering as the dancers move in and out of alignment.
Gyroscope Z	Absolute mean	Yaw (circular variance)	Controls the rhythmically synchronized triggering of a kick drum. Group yaw variance controls amplitude: high variance turns the sound off completely; less variance increases the amplitude gain. Sound generation thus depends both on group state and group movement. See the video at https://vimeo.com/393177774 for a demonstration of this mapping used in unison/flocking.