Table 2.
Accuracy of the spatial-temporal gait parameters estimated by different systems
| References | Subjects | Population | Systems | MAE | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SL (m) | SV (m/s) | SW (m) | ST (s) | SwP (%) | ||||
| Zhang et al. (2022) | 95 OA | frail | IMU + FSR | 0.059 | 0.048 | — | 0.017 | — |
| Renggli et al. (2020) | 3 A | healthy | IMU | 0.029 a | 0.018 a | 0.092 a | 0.024 a | — |
| Rampp et al. (2014) | 101 OA | geriatric inpatients | IMU | 0.063 | — | — | 0.029 | — |
| Mariani et al. (2010) | 10 OA | healthy | IMU | >0.030 | >0.030 | — | — | — |
| Foo et al. (2022) | 7 A | healthy | Robot | — | — | 0.054 | 0.035 | — |
| Jäschke et al. (2018) | 3 A | 2 healthy, 1 hip dysplasia | Robot | — | 0.029 | — | 0.014 | — |
| Piezzo et al. (2017) | 3 A | healthy | Robot | — | — | 0.025 b | — | — |
| Bonnet et al. (2015) | 1 A | — | Robot | 0.022 | — | — | — | — |
| Moschetti et al. (2019) | 19 A | healthy | Robot + IMU | 0.054 | 0.067 | — | — | — |
| Cifuentes et al. (2014) | 1 A | — | Robot + IMU | — | 0.005 | — | — | — |
| Our Work | 24 OA | healthy | Robot + IMU + FSR | 0.019 | 0.018 | 0.048 | 0.008 | 3.220 |
a
Estimated based on the reported mean error and standard deviation, assuming a normal distribution.
b
Estimated as the ratio between the sum of the reported MAE and the number of the subject.
Abbreviations: A, adults; FSR, force-sensitive resistor; IMU, inertial measurement unit; MAE, mean absolute error; OA, older adults; SL, stride length; ST, stride time; SV, stride velocity; SW, step width; SwP, swing percent.