Table 1.
Demographics, 30-year Cardiovascular Risk, and Individual Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factors between Patients with and Without SMI
| Patient characteristic |
Bipolar Disorder | Schizophrenia Spectrum | SMI | No SMI | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 3231 (2.0%) | n = 997 (0.6%) | n = 4228 (2.7%) | n = 155,363 (97.4%) | ||||||||||||||
| n | % | M | SD | n | % | M | SD | n | % | M | SD | n | % | M | SD |
p (SMI
vs. No- SMI) |
|
| Age | 30.6 | 5.4 | 30.7 | 5.4 | 30.6 | 5.4 | 29.7 | 5.6 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Age, categorical | <.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| 20-29 | 1335 | 41.3% | 400 | 40.1% | 1735 | 41.0% | 75094 | 48.3% | |||||||||
| 30-39 | 1896 | 58.7% | 597 | 59.9% | 2493 | 59.0% | 80269 | 51.7% | |||||||||
| Female | 2084 | 64.5% | 359 | 36.0% | 2443 | 57.8% | 79186 | 51.0% | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Race | <.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Asian | 69 | 2.1% | 75 | 7.5% | 144 | 3.4% | 12818 | 8.3% | |||||||||
| Black | 396 | 12.3% | 280 | 28.1% | 676 | 16.0% | 21387 | 13.8% | |||||||||
| Native American/Alaska Native | 21 | 0.7% | 11 | 1.1% | 32 | 0.8% | 462 | 0.3% | |||||||||
| Multiple | 39 | 1.2% | 16 | 1.6% | 55 | 1.3% | 971 | 0.6% | |||||||||
| Other | 27 | 0.8% | 10 | 1.0% | 37 | 0.9% | 3690 | 2.4% | |||||||||
| Unknown | 125 | 3.9% | 28 | 2.8% | 153 | 3.6% | 14174 | 9.1% | |||||||||
| White | 2554 | 79.1% | 577 | 57.9% | 3131 | 74.1% | 101861 | 65.6% | |||||||||
| Ethnicity | <.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Hispanic | 119 | 3.7% | 32 | 3.2% | 151 | 3.6% | 6757 | 4.4% | |||||||||
| Non-Hispanic | 2705 | 83.7% | 841 | 84.4% | 3546 | 83.9% | 106807 | 68.8% | |||||||||
| Unknown | 407 | 12.6% | 124 | 12.4% | 531 | 12.6% | 41799 | 26.9% | |||||||||
| Insurance Type | <.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Self-pay/Uninsured | 87 | 2.7% | 17 | 1.7% | 104 | 2.5% | 4944 | 3.1% | |||||||||
| Medicare Only | 54 | 1.7% | 46 | 4.6% | 100 | 2.4% | 167 | 62.6% | |||||||||
| Medicaid Only | 1154 | 35.7% | 405 | 40.6% | 1559 | 36.9% | 25770 | 16.6% | |||||||||
| Commercial Only | 1026 | 31.8% | 95 | 9.5% | 1121 | 26.5% | 104776 | 67.4% | |||||||||
| Other Only | 27 | 0.8% | 5 | 0.5% | 32 | 0.8% | 2242 | 1.4% | |||||||||
| Medicare + Medicaid | 241 | 7.5% | 250 | 25.1% | 491 | 11.6% | 703 | 0.5% | |||||||||
| Medicare + Commercial | 16 | 0.5% | 13 | 1.3% | 29 | 0.7% | 77 | 0.1% | |||||||||
| 2 or more insurances | 626 | 19.0% | 166 | 16.7% | 792 | 18.7% | 16684 | 10.7% | |||||||||
| 30-year riska (n=130,276) | 2818 | 14.3 | 11.5 | 868 | 18.6 | 13.9 | 3686 | 15.3 | 12.2 | 126590 | 10.8 | 9.0 | <.0001 | ||||
| CVD | 20 | 0.6% | 3 | 0.3% | 23 | 0.5% | 204 | 0.1% | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Blood Pressure | |||||||||||||||||
| HTN | 142 | 4.4% | 57 | 5.7% | 199 | 4.7% | 2773 | 1.8% | |||||||||
| SBP (n = 159546) | 118.3 | 14.1 | 118.4 | 13.5 | 118.3 | 13.9 | 119.3 | 14.4 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| DBP (n = 159548) | 76.4 | 10.9 | 76.6 | 10.8 | 76.4 | 10.9 | 75.3 | 10.9 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Cholesterol | |||||||||||||||||
| Total cholesterol (n = 43061) | 178.2 | 37.1 | 175.9 | 38.2 | 177.6 | 37.4 | 177 | 35.2 | 0.47 | ||||||||
| LDL (statin only) (n = 1323) | 102.1 | 39.4 | 94.6 | 31.5 | 98.4 | 35.8 | 118.3 | 46.8 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| LDL (non-statin only) (n = 37768) | 103.7 | 30.1 | 104.3 | 33.9 | 103.9 | 31.1 | 105.3 | 30.2 | 0.04 | ||||||||
| HDL (n = 43107) | 48.4 | 15.7 | 42.9 | 12.7 | 46.8 | 15.2 | 50.4 | 14.6 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Triglycerides (n = 37904) | 140 | 109 | 155.3 | 122.1 | 144.3 | 113.1 | 114 | 92.3 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Statin use | 94 | 2.9% | 80 | 8.0% | 174 | 4.1% | 1462 | 0.9% | <.0001 | ||||||||
| Glucose | |||||||||||||||||
| DM | 101 | 3.1% | 67 | 6.7% | 168 | 4.0% | 1290 | 0.8% | <.0001 | ||||||||
| A1c (DM only)b (n=1330) | 7.9 | 2.2 | 7.5 | 2.1 | 7.72 | 2.2 | 8.1 | 2.3 | 0.06 | ||||||||
| Weight | |||||||||||||||||
| BMI (n=130532) | 30.7 | 8.3 | 31.5 | 7.9 | 30.89 | 8.2 | 27.6 | 6.5 | <.0001 | ||||||||
| BMI, categorical (n=130532) | <.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| <18.5, underweight | 41 | 1.4% | 11 | 1.3% | 52 | 1.4% | 2282 | 1.8% | |||||||||
| 18.5-24.9, Normal | 748 | 26.4% | 181 | 20.8% | 929 | 25.0% | 48578 | 38.3% | |||||||||
| 25-29.9, Overweight | 766 | 27.0% | 218 | 25.0% | 984 | 26.5% | 40533 | 32.0% | |||||||||
| 30-34.9, Obese I | 545 | 19.2% | 214 | 24.6% | 759 | 20.5% | 19909 | 15.7% | |||||||||
| 35-39.9, Obese II | 350 | 12.3% | 129 | 14.8% | 479 | 12.9% | 8963 | 7.1% | |||||||||
| ≥40, Obese III | 389 | 13.7% | 118 | 13.6% | 507 | 13.7% | 6557 | 5.2% | |||||||||
| Smoking status (n = 159573)f | <.0001 | ||||||||||||||||
| Current smoker | 1288 | 39.9% | 498 | 49.7% | 1783 | 42.2% | 19721 | 12.7% | |||||||||
| Former smoker | 768 | 23.8% | 173 | 17.4% | 941 | 22.3% | 18498 | 11.9% | |||||||||
| Nonsmoker | 1175 | 36.4% | 329 | 33.0% | 1504 | 35.6% | 117126 | 75.4% | |||||||||
Note. 30-year risk = Framingham 30-year cardiovascular disease risk score; BMI = body mass index; CVD = cardiovascular disease; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; DM = diabetes mellitus; HDL = high density lipoprotein; HTN = hypertension; LDL = low density lipoprotein; LL = lower 95% confidence limit; M = predicted mean; P% = predicted percent; SBP = systolic blood pressure; UL = upper 95% confidence limit
30-year cardiovascular disease risk score only calculated for those without known CVD and with recorded age, sex, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, hypertension status, and current smoking status (n = 130,276)
Calculated for patients with DM who have available A1c tests within the last 5 years (n = 1,330)