Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Mar 13.
Published in final edited form as: Integr Mater Manuf Innov. 2024 Jan 16;2024:10.1007/s40192-023-00333-3. doi: 10.1007/s40192-023-00333-3

Table 3.

The stress-strain properties used for grading purposes are summarized for specimens manufactured via an XY laser scan strategy. The average and standard deviation values are provided (sample size is N=12, except for XY-30° where N=9), which take into consideration specimens from different manufactured blocks. Refer to Section 2.3 for information about the specimen notation used here. The seven stress-strain properties are Young’s modulus (E), the 0.2% offset yield strength converted into true stress (σY), the true stress at a true strain of 0.05 (σ0.05), the true stress at a true strain of 0.10 (σ0.10), the true stress at a true strain of 0.20 (σ0.20), the ultimate tensile strength converted into true stress (σUTS), and the true strain at the ultimate tensile strength (σUTS).

Unit XY-A-0-A XY-A-30-A XY-A-45-A XY-A-60-A XY-A-90-A

E GPa 149.5 ± 8.7 180.8 ± 29.2 186.0 ± 33.0 168.3 ± 9.7 160.5 ± 9.0
σY MPa 653.8 ± 9.3 715.9 ± 20.1 721.1 ± 8.0 719.0 ± 8.1 746.8 ± 7.3
σ 0.05 MPa 789.2 ± 8.6 851.8 ± 17.7 848.6 ± 13.7 853.4 ± 9.5 901.8 ± 6.2
σ 0.10 MPa 865.0 ± 8.1 943.4 ± 19.7 942.2 ± 14.0 951.9 ± 14.1 1010.0 ± 7.3
σ 0.20 MPa 1014.7 ± 8.5 1117.2 ± 22.7 1117.3 ± 14.1 1126.3 ± 19.4 1184.5 ± 9.6
σUTS MPa 1139.4 ± 14.4 1247.4 ± 24.7 1251.0 ± 21.3 1241.9 ± 21.3 1241.1 ± 15.8
εUTS 0.294 ± 0.008 0.288 ± 0.009 0.291 ± 0.015 0.280 ± 0.015 0.240 ± 0.008