Table 2.
Methodological Quality of Cross-sectional Studies (Newcastle Ottawa Scale).
| Study | Newcastle Ottawa Scale-items Score | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Criteria | |||||||||
| Selection | Comparability 1a | Results | Total | ||||||
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 1 | 2 | 3 | |||
| Yang et al., 2010 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Tuckerman et al., 2010 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Karami et al., 2012 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Zhou et al., 2012 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Junovich et al., 2013 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 6 |
| Ozkan et al., 2014 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Liu et al., 2014 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Saifi et al., 2014 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Chernyshov et al., 2014 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Santillán et al., 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Dons’koi, 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Galgani et al., 2015 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Saifi et al., 2016 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Wang et al., 2017 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Yin et al., 2017 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Jiang et al., 2017 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Kuon et al., 2017 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Fukui et al., 2017 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Chen et al., 2017 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Chen et al., 2018 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Kolanska et al., 2019 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Liu et al., 2019 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Koushaeian et al., 2019 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Donoghue et al., 2019 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Zhao et al., 2020 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Amjadi et al., 2020 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Sauerbrunn-Cutler et al., 2021 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 7 |
| Comins-Boo et al., 2021 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Zhao et al., 2021 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
| Kuroda et al., 2021 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 8 |
| Dons’koi et al., 2021 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 1 | 6 |
Selection 1: Representativeness of the exposed cohort; Selection 2: Selection of the unexposed cohort; Selection 3: Exposure determination; Selection 4: Demonstration that the result of interest was not present in the baseline; Comparability 1a and 1b: Comparability of cohorts based on design or analysis; Results 1: Results assessment; Results 2: Follow-up of cohorts; Results 3: Adequacy of cohort follow-up.