FIG. 3.

Shoulder view (A) of the operative field showing the minimally invasive retractor at the L3–4 level with a trial inside the disc space. Axial MRI (B) of L3–4 with a schematic showing the antepsoas retractor placement (blue lines), trial (yellow line), and visualization of the ALL (orange line). Retractor camera view (inset B) showing the trial in the disc space with the labeled sympathetic chain and ALL. Intraoperative fluoroscopy (C) showing a suction tip at the midline (yellow arrow) that is anterior to the disc space and confirms visualization all the way to the middle ALL. Retractor camera view (D) of a hyperlordotic expandable cage at L3–4. Intraoperative fluoroscopy before (E) and after (F) placement of the hyperlordotic expandable cage after oblique ALL release, showing 18° of segmental correction.