Table 4.

Direct effects of the psychoactive substance use increase and problematic alcohol use during the prolonged stress on anxiety and depression symptoms and QoL domains (N = 1,118).

Anxiety and depression	HADS-A		HADS-D
	β	p	β	p
PSU	0.24**	<0.001	0.24**	<0.001
PAU	0.15**	<0.001	0.12**	<0.001
Model	R 2	p	R 2	p
	0.102**	<0.001	0.089**	<0.001
QoL domains	General QoL		Health satisfaction		Physical health		Psychological health		Social relationships		Environment
	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p	β	p
PSU	−0.01	0.650	−0.01	0.662	−0.01	0.648	0.04*	0.044	0.06*	0.042	−0.04	0.179
PAU	−0.06*	0.015	−0.01	0.698	−0.05*	0.034	−0.08**	<0.001	−0.10**	0.001	−0.05	0.088
HADS-A	−0.09	0.066	−0.17**	<0.001	−0.32**	<0.001	−0.22**	<0.001	−0.08	0.137	−0.29**	<0.001
HADS-D	−0.56**	<0.001	−0.40**	<0.001	−0.53**	<0.001	−0.68**	<0.001	−0.63**	<0.001	−0.32**	<0.001
Model	R 2	p	R 2	p	R 2	p	R 2	p	R 2	p	R 2	p
	0.418**	<0.001	0.307**	<0.001	0.664**	<0.001	0.747**	<0.001	0.498**	<0.001	0.367**	<0.001
Goodness-of-fit indices	χ2	df	χ2/df	p	CFI	TLI	RMSEA	90% CI [RMSEA]		p close	SRMR
	2,598**	658	3.95	<0.001	0.913	0.902	0.051	[0.049, 0.053]		0.140	0–043

PSU, psychoactive substance use increase; PAU, problematic alcohol use; QoL, quality of life; HADS-A, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale—Anxiety; HADS-D, Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale—Depression; CFI, comparative fit index; TLI, Tucker–Lewis index; RMSEA, root mean square error of approximation; SRMR, standardized root mean square residual.