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. 2024 Feb 29;6:1286496. doi: 10.3389/frph.2024.1286496

Table 2.

Neonatal characteristics of stillborn infants before and during the COVID-19 pandemic period in Bihor County, 2018–2022.

Before COVID-19 pandemic period During COVID-19 pandemic period p-valuea,b
March 2018–February 2020 March 2020–February 2022
(Stillbirth n = 47) (Stillbirth n = 64)
Gestational age (week) – mean, SD 26.51, 12.41 27.73, 11.90 .601a
Birth weight (grams) – mean, SD 2,455.53, 877.56 2,170.47, 878.52 .094a
Low weight at birth (<2,500 grams), n (%) 23 (48.9%) 38 (59.4%) .275b
Male sex, n (%) 22 (46.8%) 32 (50.0%) .740b
Preterm birth .891b
Extremely (<28 weeks gestation), n (%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (1.6%)
Very (28–31 weeks gestation), n (%) 7 (14.9%) 8 (12.7%)
Moderate (32–34 weeks gestation), n (%) 9 (19.1%) 12 (19.0%)
Late (35–36 weeks gestation), n (%) 8 (17.0%) 10 (15.9%)
Term birth (>37 weeks gestation), n (%) 8 (17.0%) 15 (23.8%)
Unknown, n (%) 15 (31.9%) 17 (27.0%)
Type of birth .447b
  • −

    Vaginal birth, n (%)

 23 (48.9%) 29 (45.3%)
  • −

    Caesarean birth, n (%)

 23 (48.9%) 35 (54.7%)
Type of labor .655b
  • −

    Pre-labor (latent phase), n (%)

 4 (8.5%) 4 (6.3%)
  • −

    Labor Onset, n (%)

 4 (8.5%) 7 (11.1%)
  • −

    Induced, n (%)

 0 (0.0%) 2 (3.2%)
  • −

    Spontaneous, n (%)

 14 (29.8%) 19 (30.2%)
  • −

    Expulsion, n (%)

 1 (2.1%) 4 (6.3%)
  • −

    No labor, n (%)

 23 (48.9%) 24 (38.1%)
  • −

    Another situation, n (%)

 1 (2.1%) 3 (4.8%)
Membranes .085b
  • −

    Ruptured, n (%)

 6 (13.0%) 13 (21.7%)
  • −

    Intact, n (%)

 40 (87.0%) 43 (71.7%)
  • −

    Unspecified, n (%)

 0 (0.0%) 4 (6.7%)
a

Independent t-test.

b

χ2 test for independence.