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. 2024 Mar 13;15:2252. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-46613-0

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 2 — a Electro-probe micro-analyzer (EPMA) image of the S-3 alloy, L phase (green bar), and α phase (blue bar). b Electron back-scattered diffraction (EBSD) inverse pole map of the S-3 at high scales. c High-angle annular dark-field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM) image of the corresponding phase interface along the [001]_L zone axis. d Atom maps reconstructed using 3D-APT marked in nanoprobe with phase interface, α phase (left), and L phase (right). e One-dimensional concentration profile of the elemental distributions. The error bars represent the standard deviation. f Field-cooling (FC) magnetization (M) at a magnetic field of L phase (LaFe_10.30Co_0.83Si_1.87, 1000 Oe) and S-3 (500 Oe), respectively. Insert the magnetic structure model from ferromagnetic order (FM) to paramagnetic transition (PM). The Curie temperature (T_C) is determined by the dM/dT curve. g The dilatometer thermal expansion of S-3, LaFe_10.30Co_0.83Si_1.87 (L phase), Fe_92.42Co_4.34Si_3.07 (α phase) alloys. The calculated S-3 ZTE (empty circle point line) is derived from L-phase and α phase thermal expansions.