Comparison with other methods reported in the literature for the determination of QNsa.
| Method | Adsorbent | Sample (numbers of QNs) | Extraction time (min) | Linearity | Recovery (%) | LOD | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MSPE-HPLC-MS/MS | Fe3O4@COF(TpBD)@Au-MPS | Pork, chicken and bovine (6) | 30 | 0.005–0.500 mg L−1 | 94.23–98.6 | 0.002–0.004 mg kg−1 | 42 |
| MSPE-HPLC-DAD | Fe3O4@COFs | Milk, pork and human plasma (6) | 60 | 2.5–1500 ng g−1 | 78.7–103.5 | 0.25–0.5 ng g−1 | 43 |
| MSPE-LC-FLD | Fe3O4@PLS | Milk (3) | 20 | 0.4–600 μg kg−1 | 96.5–118.6 | 0.41–0.45 μg L−1 | 58 |
| RAM-MIPs-DSPE-HPLC-UV | RAM-MIPs | Milk and river water (5) | 20 and 15 | 5–200 μg L−1 | 80.7–103.5 | 1.02–3.15 μg L−1 | 59 |
| 85.1–105.9 | 0.93–2.87 μg L−1 | ||||||
| SPE-LC-MS/MS | Oasis HLB SPE cartridges | Aquaculture wastewater (17) | >25 | 0.5–100 μg L−1 | 47.8–118.7 | 0.08–0.3 ng L−1 | 60 |
| MSPE-RPLC-MS/MS | PEI-functionalized Fe3O4/ATP | Chicken muscle (3) | 20 | 0.2–100 μg kg−1 | 83.9–98.7 | 0.02–0.08 μg L−1 | 41 |
| MSPE-UPLC-MS/MS | Fe3O4@SiO2@Ah-COF | Water and egg samples (24) | 20 | 0.2–200 μg kg−1 | 70.3–106.1 | 0.003–0.036 μg L−1 | This work |
| 70.4–119.7 | 0.009–0.272 μg kg−1 |
a
DAD: diode-array detector, FLD: fluorescence detection, RAM-MIPs: restricted access media-MIPs, RPLC: reversed-phase liquid chromatography.