Table 2.
Maternal perceived stress and child mean BMI percentile
| Crude | Fully Adjustedb | Sex-Stratified - Male | Sex-Stratified - Female | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n=1694) | (n=1694) | (n=897) | (n=797) | |
| β coefficient (95% CI)a | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | β coefficient (95% CI) | |
|
| ||||
| Intercept | 59.36 (55.52, 63.19) | 36.46 (24.45, 48.48) | 33.29 (16.57, 50.01) | 43.62 (28.39, 58.85) |
| PSS 1st quartile | REF | REF | REF | REF |
| PSS 2nd quartile | −0.62 (−4.65, 3.41) | −1.27 (−5.14, 2.60) | −1.27 (−6.61, 4.08) | −2.29 (−7.88, 3.30) |
| PSS 3rd quartile | −1.82 (−5.85, 2.22) | −1.78 (−5.67, 2.12) | −1.62 (−6.91, 3.68) | −2.87 (−8.44, 2.71) |
| PSS 4th quartile | −1.27 (−5.40, 2.86) | −2.12 (−6.16, 1.91) | −0.78 (−6.4, 4.85) | −5.11 (−10.5, 0.27) |
| Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI | 0.89 (0.68, 1.09)** | 0.86 (0.58, 1.15)** | 0.91 (0.61, 1.22)** | |
| BW-for-GA z-score | 3.91 (2.59, 5.24)** | 3.79 (1.96, 5.62)** | 4.12 (2.23, 6.01)** | |
| Maternal race | ||||
| White | REF | REF | REF | |
| Black | −1.86 (−6.02, 2.3) | 0.04 (−0.38, 0.45) | −0.33 (−0.71, 0.05) | |
| Other Race | −0.39 (−4.77, 4.00) | −1.47 (−7.35, 4.41) | −2.41 (−7.48, 2.66) | |
| Maternal ethnicity | ||||
| Non-Hispanic | REF | REF | REF | |
| Hispanic | 8.85 (4.61, 13.10)** | −1.2 (−7.13, 4.73) | 0.55 (−6.01, 7.12) | |
| Maternal age at delivery | −0.11 (−0.40, 0.18) | 5.84 (0.05, 11.64)* | 12.82 (6.82, 18.82)** | |
| Health insurance | ||||
| Private/Other | REF | REF | REF | |
| Public/No | 1.79 (−2.37, 5.96) | 1.99 (−3.58, 7.56) | 2.13 (−3.33, 7.59) | |
a
Data are beta coefficients from linear mixed effects regression models reflecting change in child mean BMI percentiles.
b
Model adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI (continuous), BW-for-GA z-score (continuous), maternal race, maternal ethnicity, maternal age at delivery, health insurance, with random intercept for ECHO cohort membership.
*
p<0.05,
**
p<0.01
PSS, Perceived Stress Scale; BMI, body mass index; BW, birthweight; GA, gestational age