Table 4.
Associations between inability to complete and death or disability with full adjusted, compared to the worst-performing and able-to-complete groups
| All-cause mortality | ADL disability | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (events/groups) | Cause-specific hazard model (HR,95%CI) | Sub-distribution hazard model (SHR, 95%CI) | N (events/groups) | Cause-specific hazard model (HR,95%CI) | Sub-distribution hazard model (SHR, 95%CI) | |
| Handgrip strength (kg)a | ||||||
| Unable | 15/51 | 1.196(0.709,2.020) | 1.196(0.674,2.124) | 15/36 | 0.982(0.578,1.666) | 1.025(0.639,1.642) |
| Q5 | 249/870 | Ref | Ref | 199/621 | Ref | Ref |
| Unable | 15/51 | 1.462(0.872,2.450) | 1.462(0.821,2.605) | 15/36 | 1.008(0.601,1.688) | 0.981(0.619,1.553) |
| Able | 618/3717 | Ref | Ref | 780/3099 | Ref | Ref |
| Gait speed (m/s) a | ||||||
| Unable | 41/175 | 1.030(0.732,1.448) | 1.030(0.728,1.457) | 54/134 | 1.411(1.037,1.920) | 1.356(1.030,1.785) |
| Q5 | 190/761 | Ref | Ref | 187/571 | Ref | Ref |
| Unable | 41/175 | 1.238(0.898,1.706) | 1.238(0.894,1.715) | 54/134 | 1.727(1.302,2.292) | 1.541(1.196,1.986) |
| Able | 592/3593 | Ref | Ref | 741/3001 | Ref | Ref |
| Five times sit-to-stand (s)a | ||||||
| Unable | 73/225 | 1.221(0.926,1.610) | 1.221(0.915,1.629) | 70/152 | 1.310(0.990,1.733) | 1.169(0.913,1.497) |
| Q5 | 179/704 | Ref | Ref | 181/525 | Ref | Ref |
| Unable | 73/225 | 1.491(1.156,1.922) | 1.491(1.135,1.958) | 70/152 | 1.451(1.127,1.869) | 1.225(0.977,1.534) |
| Able | 560/3543 | Ref | Ref | 725/2983 | Ref | Ref |
Note: a. Physical measures grouped into two categories: Unable, for individuals unable to complete the test; Q5(Quintile5, lowest performance); Able, for individuals able to complete the test
b. Full adjusted for age and sex plus height and BMI, sociodemographic factors (education and residence), lifestyles (physical activity levels, smoking behavior, and alcohol consumption), and medical conditions (hypertension, diabetes, cancer, cardiovascular disease, chronic lung disease, depression status, and cognitive status). Ref, reference. ADL, activities of daily living. HR, hazard ratio. CI, confidence intervals. N, numbers