Table 3.
Factors influencing health-related quality of life among cancer patients seeking outpatient treatment in India
| Parameter | B | Std. Error | 95% Confidence Interval | p-value* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower | Upper | |||||
| (Intercept) | 0.745 | 0.037 | 0.673 | 0.817 | 0.000 | |
| Age | -0.001 | 0.000 | -0.002 | -0.001 | 0.001 | |
| Gender (Reference- Male) | Female | 0.015 | 0.011 | -0.006 | 0.036 | 0.156 |
| Area of Residence (Reference- Urban) | Rural | 0.006 | 0.011 | -0.017 | 0.028 | 0.618 |
| Slum | -0.098 | 0.042 | -0.181 | -0.016 | 0.019 | |
| Education (Reference- No Education) | Primary & Middle | 0.043 | 0.013 | 0.018 | 0.069 | 0.001 |
| Up to Senior Secondary | 0.096 | 0.014 | 0.068 | 0.124 | 0.000 | |
| Graduation & above | 0.115 | 0.020 | 0.076 | 0.154 | 0.000 | |
| Marital Status (Reference-Unmarried) | Married | 0.012 | 0.024 | -0.036 | 0.059 | 0.624 |
| Separated/Divorced | -0.072 | 0.062 | -0.193 | 0.049 | 0.244 | |
| Widow/Widower | 0.028 | 0.030 | -0.031 | 0.087 | 0.348 | |
| Wealth Quintile (Reference- Poorest) | Poor | -0.023 | 0.015 | -0.052 | 0.006 | 0.124 |
| Middle | -0.023 | 0.016 | -0.053 | 0.008 | 0.150 | |
| Rich | -0.081 | 0.015 | -0.111 | -0.050 | 0.000 | |
| Richest | -0.058 | 0.016 | -0.090 | -0.027 | 0.000 | |
| Type of Cancer (Reference-Solid) | Haematological | 0.104 | 0.082 | -0.057 | 0.266 | 0.206 |
| Type of Treatment (Reference- Chemotherapy) | Radiotherapy | -0.018 | 0.018 | -0.053 | 0.017 | 0.313 |
| Palliative care | -0.137 | 0.031 | -0.197 | -0.076 | 0.000 | |
| Surgery | -0.110 | 0.019 | -0.147 | -0.072 | 0.000 | |
| Combination Therapy** | -0.001 | 0.014 | -0.028 | 0.026 | 0.944 | |
| Maintenance Therapy | 0.097 | 0.154 | -0.205 | 0.399 | 0.531 | |
| On diagnostic workup | 0.051 | 0.088 | -0.121 | 0.224 | 0.559 | |
| Hormone Therapy | 0.076 | 0.030 | 0.016 | 0.136 | 0.013 | |
| Others (clinical follow up) | 0.062 | 0.024 | 0.016 | 0.109 | 0.009 | |
| Line of Treatment (Reference -First Line) | Second Line | -0.001 | 0.018 | -0.035 | 0.034 | 0.977 |
| Third Line | -0.146 | 0.050 | -0.245 | -0.047 | 0.004 | |
| Fourth Line | 0.056 | 0.191 | -0.319 | 0.431 | 0.770 | |
| Cancer Stage (Reference - Stage I) | Carcinoma | -0.128 | 0.188 | -0.497 | 0.241 | 0.498 |
| Stage II | -0.011 | 0.021 | -0.053 | 0.031 | 0.609 | |
| Stage III | -0.023 | 0.020 | -0.062 | 0.015 | 0.231 | |
| Stage IV | -0.118 | 0.021 | -0.159 | -0.078 | 0.000 | |
| Response to Treatment (Reference -Disease Free survival) | Progressive | -0.081 | 0.027 | -0.133 | 0.028 | 0.003 |
| Ongoing | 0.016 | 0.015 | -0.013 | 0.046 | 0.273 | |
| Adverse Effect (Reference - With Adverse Effect) | Without Adverse Effect | 0.113 | 0.021 | 0.071 | 0.155 | 0.000 |
*Level of significance at p- value less than 0.05, **Combination therapy– Chemotherapy + Radiotherapy, Surgery + Radiotherapy, Surgery + Chemotherapy, Surgery + Chemotherapy + Radiotherapy. Ongoing treatment-response cannot be assessed among patients on active oncology treatment