Table 4.
All-cause dementia | Alzheimer’s disease | Vascular dementia | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | |
Uric acid ≤ 400 | |||||||||
Non-MetS | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
MetS | 1.22 (1.15–1.29)* | 1.07 (1.01–1.14)* | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 1.09 (1.00–1.20) | 0.99 (0.90–1.08) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 1.57 (1.39–1.77)* | 1.34 (1.18–1.52)* | 1.23 (1.08–1.40)* |
Uric acid > 400 | |||||||||
Non-MetS | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
MetsS | 1.35 (1.21–1.49)* | 1.23 (1.11–1.37)* | 1.17 (1.05–1.30)* | 1.16 (0.98–1.37) | 1.09 (0.92–1.30) | 1.07 (0.89–1.27) | 1.77 (1.45–2.16)* | 1.56 (1.27–1.92)* | 1.39 (1.13–1.71)* |
Joint effect of MetS and uric acid | |||||||||
Non-MetS SUA ≤ 400 | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
Non-MetS SUA > 400 | 0.96 (0.89–1.04) | 0.95 (0.87–1.03) | 0.95 (0.87–1.02) | 0.94 (0.83–1.06) | 0.94 (0.83–1.06) | 0.94 (0.83–1.06) | 1.11 (0.94–1.31) | 1.09 (0.92–1.28) | 1.08 (0.91–1.27) |
MetS SUA ≤ 400 | 1.22 (1.15–1.29)* | 1.07 (1.01–1.14)* | 1.03 (0.97–1.10) | 1.09 (1.00–1.20)* | 0.99 (0.90–1.08) | 0.96 (0.88–1.06) | 1.57 (1.39–1.77)* | 1.34 (1.18–1.52)* | 1.23 (1.08–1.40)* |
MetS SUA > 400 | 1.29 (1.19–1.41)* | 1.17 (1.07–1.27)* | 1.11 (1.02–1.21)* | 1.10 (0.96–1.26) | 1.02 (0.88–1.17) | 0.98 (0.85–1.13) | 1.94 (1.66–2.28)* | 1.69 (1.44–1.99)* | 1.50 (1.28–1.77)* |
*P-value < 0.05
Model 1, stratified by age, gender, and UK Biobank assessment center
Model 2, additionally adjusted for race (white or other), index of multiple deprivation (a measure of socioeconomic status), smoking status (never smoked, previous smoker, current smoker), alcohol consumption (never or special occasions only, one to three times a month, one to four times a week, daily or almost daily), physical activity (high, low, moderate or unknown/missing), portions of fruit and vegetable intake (< 5 portions per day, ≥ 5 portions per day, or unknown/missing) and fish intake (< 3 times per week, ≥ 3 times per week)
Model 3, fully adjusted model additionally adjusted for regular medications [multivitamin use (yes or no), mineral supplement (yes or no), non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (yes or no), aspirin (yes or no)], and history of Alzheimer’s disease/dementia (yes or no)