Table 2.

Clinical recommendations.

During patient encounter

If a screening, explain rationale for screening and what might happen after screening. Fully listen to patients and demonstrate empathy. Offer multiple treatment options, without relying solely on a crisis hotline or emergency departments. Allow veterans to lead decision-making about which treatment options to pursue. Empower patients by completing a safety or crisis response plan as clinically indicated. Create clear instructions for follow-up care for the patient; help troubleshoot any potential barriers.

Outside of the patient encounter

Develop clear protocols for communication between primary care and mental health services about patient care following disclosure, including a method of identifying which service will follow-up with the patient and under what circumstances. Create opportunities for clinician and staff training on suicide screening, risk assessment, safety planning, and treatment options and pathways for referral. Follow-up with patient following disclosure and initial phase of evaluation and treatment.