Table 2:
Cross-validation and testing performance of DL-surv model for different techniques to solve the class imbalance.
| Class-balancing technique | CV c-index (95% CI) | Testing c-index |
|---|---|---|
| Original dataset | 0.72 (0.68–0.75) | 0.66 |
| Undersampling | 0.70 (0.66–0.74) | 0.66 |
| Oversampling | 0.66 (0.62–0.70) | 0.67 |
| Augmentation | 0.70 (0.67–0.74) | 0.67 |
| Class weights (1:5) | 0.72 (0.69–0.74) | 0.69 |
| Augmentation + class weights | 0.68 (0.64–0.72) | 0.67 |
| SMOTE | 0.66 (0.63–0.69) | 0.69 |
| ADASYN | 0.67 (0.64–0.70) | 0.69 |
| DDPMNSCLC | 0.74 (0.71–0.77) | 0.75 |