Table 1.
Characteristics of the discovery and validation study cohorts
| Characteristic |
Discovery cohort (MEC) |
Validation cohorts (SCHS and SCCS) |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| African American | European American | Japanese American | Latino | Native Hawaiian | SCHS - Chinese - case | SCHS - Chinese - control | SCCS - African American - case | SCCS - African American - control | SCCS - European American - case | SCCS - European American - control | |
| N | 364 | 397 | 522 | 400 | 311 | 169 | 171 | 111 | 111 | 86 | 86 |
| Age at biospecimen collectiona | 64.8 (7.5) | 63.8 (7.4) | 63.8 (7.2) | 65.5 (6.3) | 61.3 (7.1) | 60.1 (6.2) | 60.1 (6.2) | 54.2 (7.7) | 53.5 (7.6) | 55.6 (7.3) | 55.0 (7.1) |
| Sex, N (%) | |||||||||||
| Male | 111 (30.5%) | 172 (43.3%) | 298 (57.1%) | 207 (51.7%) | 114 (36.7%) | 144 (85.2%) | 145 (84.8%) | 72 (64.9%) | 72 (64.9%) | 28 (32.6%) | 28 (32.6%) |
| Female | 253 (69.5%) | 225 (56.7%) | 224 (42.9%) | 193 (48.2%) | 197 (63.3%) | 25 (14.8%) | 26 (15.2%) | 39 (35.1%) | 39 (35.1%) | 58 (67.4%) | 58 (67.4%) |
| Urinary total nicotine equivalents (nmol/mL)a | 56.1 (41.7) | 45.7 (35.7) | 33.7 (23.9) | 42.0 (35.1) | 37.7 (27.8) | 34.8 (42.9) | 28.6 (32.8) | 82.3 (76.0) | 36.7 (31.3) | 67.8 (60.4) | 37.9 (37.3) |
| Cigarettes per daya,b | 11.2 (7.3) | 17.7 (11.4) | 14.2 (8.4) | 9.3 (7.1) | 15.2 (9.7) | 19.2 (10.8) | 16.0 (10.1) | 13.4 (8.0) | 10.3 (6.8) | 22.4 (11.7) | 17.3 (10.2) |
| Smoking pack-yearsa,b | 22.1 (15.9) | 36.7 (26.9) | 29.1 (18.6) | 19.0 (16.6) | 29.9 (21.4) | 38.9 (23.1) | 31.1 (21.4) | 25.3 (14.9) | 19.2 (15.1) | 45.2 (26.0) | 32.9 (19.4) |
| Cell type proportiona,c | |||||||||||
| B cells | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.05) | 0.05 (0.02) |
| CD4+ T cells | 0.21 (0.07) | 0.19 (0.07) | 0.18 (0.06) | 0.18 (0.05) | 0.17 (0.05) | 0.17 (0.05) | 0.19 (0.05) | 0.16 (0.06) | 0.15 (0.05) | 0.13 (0.05) | 0.14 (0.05) |
| CD8+ T cells | 0.11 (0.05) | 0.08 (0.04) | 0.08 (0.04) | 0.10 (0.05) | 0.10 (0.04) | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.10 (0.03) | 0.09 (0.05) | 0.09 (0.04) | 0.06 (0.04) | 0.07 (0.04) |
| Monocytes | 0.08 (0.02) | 0.07 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.08 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.08 (0.02) | 0.08 (0.02) | 0.09 (0.03) | 0.10 (0.04) | 0.08 (0.03) | 0.08 (0.04) |
| Natural killer cells | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.03) | 0.07 (0.03) | 0.06 (0.02) | 0.06 (0.02) |
| Neutrophils | 0.48 (0.11) | 0.57 (0.10) | 0.57 (0.10) | 0.55 (0.08) | 0.56 (0.09) | 0.52 (0.09) | 0.49 (0.09) | 0.53 (0.13) | 0.52 (0.11) | 0.62 (0.12) | 0.58 (0.10) |
Abbreviations: MEC, Multiethnic Cohort Study; SCHS, Singapore Chinese Health Study; SCCS, Southern Community Cohort Study.
a
Mean (standard deviation).
b
Self-reported measurement.
c
DNA methylation-based estimates of cell type proportions.