Table 4.
Haemosporidian lineages recovered, relative to avian host, migratory status and sampling location; multiple individuals of the same host species are indicated in parentheses after host name
| Malavi BLAST | % Match | BP difference | Novel lineage designation | Migratory status | Elevation | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Haemoproteus | ||||||
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (CARCAR10) | 96 | 20 | SPIPAS17 (GenBank OR760368) | Resident | H |
| Warbling vireo (Vireo gilvus) | CATUST16 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Lark sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) (7) | CHOGRA01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | L, M | |
| Lark sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) | (CHOGRA01) | 97 | 13 | CHOGRA03 (GenBank OR760412) | Resident | M |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) (6) | DUNNO01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | L, M, H | |
| Black-chinned sparrow (Spizella atrogularis) | (DUNNO01) | 99 | 1 | SPIATR01 (GenBank OR760435) | Resident | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (GRBRU01) | 99 | 5 | PIRLUD10 (GenBank OR760363) | Migrant | H |
| Woodhouse's scrubjay (Aphelocoma woodhouseii) (3) | GYMCYA02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | L, M, H | |
| Willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) | GYMCYA02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Cassin's kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans) | ICTLEU01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | M | |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | (ICTLEU01) | 99 | 1 | PIRFLA18 (GenBank OR760427) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (ICTLEU01) | 99 | 1 | PIRFLA18 (GenBank OR760426) | Migrant | H |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | (ICTLEU01) | 99 | 3 | PIRFLA19 (GenBank OR760377) | Migrant | M |
| Cassin's kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans) | (ICTLEU01) | 99 | 1 | TYRVOC05 (GenBank OR760410) | Migrant | M |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) (2) | (LINOLI02) | 98 | 7 | PIRLUD21 (GenBank OR760362) | Migrant | H |
| Cassin's kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans) | (MYMAC01) | 99 | 2 | TYRVOC04 (GenBank OR760307) | Migrant | H |
| Western wood peewee (Contopus sordidulus) | MYMAC02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western wood peewee (Contopus sordidulus) | PACPEC02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | PACPEC02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) (2) | PACPEC02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) (3) | (PACPEC02) | 99 | 1 | PIRLUD15 (GenBank OR760331, OR760332, OR760373) | Migrant | H |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | (PACPEC02) | 99 | 1 | PIRLUD16 (GenBank OR760379) | Migrant | M |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PACPEC02) | 99 | 1 | PIRLUD16 (GenBank OR760372) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PACPEC02) | 99 | 1 | PIRLUD17 (GenBank OR760380) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PACPEC02) | 99 | 2 | PIRLUD18 (GenBank OR760386) | Migrant | H |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | PHEMEL02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) (22) | PHEMEL02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | M, H | |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) (3) | (PHEMEL02) | 99 | 1 | PHEMEL04 (GenBank OR760333, OR760421, OR760433) | Migrant | H |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) | (PHEMEL02) | 99 | 1 | PHEMEL05 (GenBank OR760382) | Migrant | H |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) | (PHEMEL02) | 99 | 1 | PHEMEL06 (GenBank OR760446) | Migrant | H |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) | (PHEMEL02) | 99 | 1 | PHEMEL07 (GenBank OR760388) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PIOLI04) | 99 | 1 | PIRLUD19 (GenBank OR760374) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PIOLI04) | 99 | 2 | PIRLUD20 (GenBank OR760375) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PIOLI04) | 99 | 2 | PIRLUD21 (GenBank OR760362) | Migrant | H |
| Spotted towhee (Pipilo maculatus) | PIPMAC01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) (2) | (PIPMAC03) | 99 | 1 | SPIPAS22 (GenBank OR760394, OR760440) | Resident | M |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (PIPMAC03) | 99 | 1 | SPIPAS23 (GenBank OR760396) | Resident | M |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) (4) | PIRFLA01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | L, M | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | PIRFLA09 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PIRFLA08) | 97 | 13 | PIRLUD11 (GenBank OR760365) | Migrant | H |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | (PIRFLA10) | 99 | 1 | PIRFLA17 (GenBank OR760376) | Migrant | M |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | PIRLUD01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) (2) | PIRLUD02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | (PIRLUD08) | 99 | 1 | PIRFLA20 (GenBank OR760428) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (PIRLUD08) | 99 | 1 | PIRFLA20 (GenBank OR760425) | Migrant | H |
| Willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) | (PIRLUD08) | 99 | 1 | PIRFLA20 (GenBank OR760444) | Migrant | H |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) (2) | PIRLUD08 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | M | |
| Willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) | PIRLUD08 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | PIRLUD09 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (QUIQUI01) | 98 | 10 | SPIPAS19 (GenBank OR760405) | Resident | M |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (SETAUD07) | 97 | 13 | SPIPAS20 (GenBank OR706406) | Resident | M |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) (2) | SPIPAS01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (SPIPAS02) | 94 | 25 | PIRLUD13 (GenBank OR760364) | Migrant | H |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (SPIPAS06) | 98 | 10 | SPIPAS21 (GenBank OR760404) | Resident | M |
| Lesser goldfinch (Spinus psaltria) | SPISAL02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Yellow-rumped warbler (Setophaga coronata) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) (5) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | L, M, H | |
| Black-chinned sparrow (Spizella atrogularis) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Cassin's kingbird (Tyrannus vociferans) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western bluebird (Sialia mexicana) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Scott's oriole (Icterus parisorum) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Grace's warbler (Setophaga graciae) | TABI02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Grace's warbler (Setophaga graciae) | (TABI02) | 99 | 1 | SETGRA04 (GenBank OR760419) | Migrant | H |
| Western bluebird (Sialia mexicana) | (TABI02) | 96 | 14 | SIAMEX06 (GenBank OR760429) | Resident | H |
| Violet-green swallow (Tachycineta thalassina) | TABI10 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | M | |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (TURFUL01) | 99 | 5 | SPIPAS24 (GenBank OR760383) | Resident | H |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (TURFUL01) | 99 | 2 | SPIPAS25 (GenBank OR760384) | Resident | H |
| Ash-throated flycatcher (Myiarchus cinerascens) | TOXCUR01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | M | |
| Warbling vireo (Vireo gilvus) | VIGIL07 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Plumbeous vireo (Vireo plumbeus) | (VIOLI18) | 99 | 4 | VIRPLU10 (GenBank OR760310) | Migrant | M |
| Plumbeous vireo (Vireo plumbeus) | (VIRPLU07) | 99 | 1 | VIRPLU11 (GenBank OR760311) | Migrant | M |
| White-winged dove (Zenaida asiatica) | (ZEMAC12) | 95 | 21 | ZENASI01 (GenBank OR760399) | Resident | M |
| Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) | ZEMAC13 | 100 | 0 | Resident | M | |
| Mourning dove (Zenaida macroura) | ZEMAC17 | 100 | 0 | Resident | M | |
| Leucocytozoon | ||||||
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | PIRFLA02 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) | (PIRLUD04) | 99 | 2 | PHEMEL03 (GenBank OR760442) | Migrant | H |
| Plasmodium | ||||||
| Lark sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) | EULNIG01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Spotted towhee (Pipilo maculatus) | LAIRI01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Lark sparrow (Chondestes grammacus) | LAIRI01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | M | |
| Western bluebird (Sialia mexicana) | MOLATE01 | 100 | 0 | Resident | M | |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | (MOLATE01) | 98 | 7 | SPIPAS18 (GenBank OR760369) | Resident | H |
| Blue grosbeak (Passerina caerulea) | SEIAUR01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | M | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (SEIAUR01) | 99 | 2 | PIRLUD12 (GenBank OR760367) | Migrant | H |
| Spotted towhee (Pipilo maculatus) (4) | SETCOR03 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Hepatic tanager (Piranga flava) | SETCOR03 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | SETCOR03 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Willow flycatcher (Empidonax traillii) (2) | SETCOR03 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | L, M | |
| Black-headed grosbeak (Pheucticus melanocephalus) | TACTHA01 | 100 | 0 | Migrant | H | |
| Western tanager (Piranga ludoviciana) | (TACTHA01) | 99 | 4 | PIRLUD14 (GenBank OR760366) | Migrant | H |
| Bewick's wren (Thryomanes bewickii) | TROAED24 | 100 | 0 | Resident | H | |
| Chipping sparrow (Spizella passerina) | VIOLI03 | 100 | 0 | Resident | M | |
In column two, lineages without parentheses are 100% matches to lineages in the Malavi database (determined via MalAvi blast), and lineages in parentheses reflect closest lineage via MalAvi blast. For the latter lineages, we indicate the per cent match and base pair (BP) differences and provide a novel lineage designation per MalAvi protocols. Migratory status denotes whether a species if present year-round (resident) or is only present during the breeding season (migrant). Elevation refers to the elevation of our sampling locations, L signifies low elevation which we consider to be ~1700 m, M signifies medium elevation which we consider ~1800 m and H denotes high elevations ~2000 m. For both our low and medium elevations, 2 sites were pooled into the low elevation (1746 and 1769 m) and medium elevation (1852 and 1875 m). Although we have designated an elevation gradient of low, medium, and high is it important to note that the elevation gradient is of ~400 m.