Appendix 4.
Study (authors) | Patient group | Timeframe (months) | Abstract (Yes/No) | Total SQ responses (n) | Mortality rate (%) | Sensitivity (95% CI)* | Specificity (95% CI)* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Barnes et al. 18 | Cardiac disease | 12 | No | 231 | 6.1 | 78.6 [52.4–92.4] | 61.3 [54.7–67.5] |
Moss et al. 21 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 147 | 15.0 | 45.5 [26.9–65.3] | 80.8 [73.0–86.7] |
Cohen et al. 22 (derivation cohort) | Kidney disease | 6 | No | 447 | 6.0 | 63.0 [44.2–78.5] | 87.4 [83.9–90.2] |
Cohen et al. 22 (validation cohort) | Kidney disease | 6 | No | 427 | 8.4 | 47.2 [32.0–63.0] | 89.8 [86.4–92.4] |
Moss et al. 23 | Cancer | 12 | No | 826 | 8.6 | 76.1 [65.0–84.5] | 89.8 [87.4–91.8] |
South et al. 24 | Pulmonary disease | 12 | Yes | 199 | 7.5 | 93.3 [70.2–98.8] | 55.4 [48.2–62.4] |
Fenning et al. 25 | Cardiac disease | 12 | No | 172 | 9.9 | 35.3 [17.3–58.7] | 79.4 [72.3–85.0] |
Da Silva Gane et al. 26 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 344 | 15.1 | 57.7 [44.2–70.1] | 74.7 [69.4–79.3] |
Pang et al. 27 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 367 | 12.0 | 61.4 [46.6–74.3] | 74.6 [69.6–79.1] |
Reilly et al. 28 | Pulmonary disease | 12 | Yes | 85 | 32.9 | 100 [87.9–100] | 31.6 [21.0–44.5] |
Moroni et al. 29 | Cancer | 12 | No | 231 | 45.0 | 83.7 [75.4–89.5] | 69.3 [60.8–76.6] |
Feyi et al. 30 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 178 | 23.6 | 66.7 [51.6–79.0] | 77.9 [70.3–84.1] |
Hamano et al. 31 – 7 day timeframe | Cancer | 0.25 | No | 2361 | 14.1 | 84.7 [80.4–88.2] | 68.0 [65.9–70.0] |
Hamano et al. 31 – 1 month timeframe | Cancer | 1 | No | 2361 | 47.2 | 95.6 [94.2–96.7] | 37.0 [34.4–39.7] |
Amro et al. 32 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 201 | 19.4 | 56.4 [41–70.7] | 82.7 [76.2–87.8] |
Maria Carmen et al. 33 | Kidney disease | 12 | Yes | 49 | 18.4 | 77.8 [45.3–93.7] | 67.5 [52.0–79.9] |
Gerlach et al. 34 | Cancer | 12 | Yes | 672 | 15.6 | 40.0 [31.1–49.6] | 93.1 [90.7–94.9] |
Lakin et al. 35 | Primary care | 12 | Yes | 1737 | 6.4 | 20.5 [14.1–28.9] | 94.4 [93.2–95.4] |
Strout et al. 36 | Emergency department | 1 | Yes | 330 | 9.4 | 48.4 [32.0–65.2] | 68.9 [63.4–73.9] |
Gomez-Batiste, 2017 37 | Primary care | 12 | No | 1059 | 27.0 | 93.7 [90.3–96.0] | 26.4 [23.4–29.6] |
Hadique et al. 38 (derivation cohort) | Intensive care | 6 | No | 500 | 36.0 | 82.2 [76.0–87.1] | 71.9 [66.7–76.5] |
Hadique et al. 38 (validation cohort) | Intensive care | 6 | No | 543 | 34.6 | 73.9 [67.2–79.7] | 81.7 [77.3–85.4] |
Lilley et al. 39 | Acute surgical conditions | 12 | No | 163 | 36.2 | 79.7 [67.7–88.0] | 51.0 [41.5–60.4] |
Moretti et al. 40 | Cardiac disease | 12 | No | 470 | 7.9 | 56.8 [40.9–71.3] | 93.5 [90.8–95.5] |
Salat et al. 41 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 488 | 17.8 | 64.4 [53.9–73.6] | 71.3 [66.7–75.5] |
Santos Lascasas et al. 42 | Kidney disease | 6 | Yes | 360 | 13.9 | 90.0 [78.6–95.7] | 67.1 [61.7–72.1] |
Strout et al. 43 | Emergency department | 1 | Yes | 9923 | 2.3 | 48.9 [42.4–55.4] | 80.3 [79.5–81.1] |
Burke et al. 44 – 3 month timeframe | Children | 3 | No | 325 | 5.5 | 83.3 [60.8–94.2] | 93.2 [89.8–95.5] |
Burke et al. 44 – 12 month timeframe | Children | 12 | No | 306 | 9.8 | 83.3 [66.4–92.7] | 70.7 [65.0–75.7] |
Ebke et al. 45 | Neurorehabilitation | 12 | No | 236 | 14.4 | 76.5 [60.0–87.6] | 64.9 [58.0–71.1] |
Faria de Sousa et al. 46 | Primary care | 6 | Yes | 201 | 18.4 | 62.2 [46.1–75.9] | 67.1 [59.6–73.8] |
Forzley et al. 47 | Kidney disease | 6 | No | 374 | 11.5 | 72.1 [57.3–83.3] | 58.6 [53.2–63.8] |
Liyanage et al. 48 | Nursing home | 12 | No | 187 | 22.5 | 71.4 [56.4–82.8] | 65.5 [57.5–72.8] |
Mitchell et al. 49 | Primary care | 12 | No | 1525 | 3.1 | 53.2 [39.2–66.7] | 89.6 [87.9–91.0] |
Mudge et al. 50 | Hospital inpatients | 12 | No | 513 | 17.9 | 90.2 [82.4–94.8] | 55.8 [51.0–60.5] |
Ouchi et al. 51 | Emergency department | 12 | No | 207 | 21.3 | 77.3 [63.0–87.2] | 58.3 [50.6–65.6] |
Schmidt et al. 52 (derivation cohort) | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 749 | 13.5 | 60.4 [50.6–69.4] | 82.7 [79.6–85.4] |
Schmidt et al. 52 (validation cohort) | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 437 | 10.1 | 61.4 [46.6–74.3] | 76.8 [72.4–80.7] |
Tanasiychuk et al. 53 | Kidney disease | 6 | No | 475 | 52.8 | 41.8 [35.9–48.0] | 35.3 [29.3–41.7] |
Aaronson et al. 54 | Cardiac disease & emergency department | 12 | No | 193 | 29.0 | 78.6 [66.2–87.3] | 56.9 [48.6–64.9] |
Gastelurrutia et al. 55 | Cardiac disease | 12 | Yes | 922 | 9.7 | 78.7 [69.0–85.9] | 69.4 [66.2–72.4] |
Haydar et al. 56 | Emergency department | 1 | No | 6089 | 2.6 | 31.8 [25.1–39.5] | 85.4 [84.4–86.2] |
Lakin et al. 57 | Primary care | 24 | No | 1163 | 15.5 | 79.4 [73.0–84.7] | 68.6 [65.6–71.4] |
Ouchi et al. 58 | Emergency department | 1 | No | 16,223 | 9.7 | 43.3 [40.9–45.8] | 82.0 [81.3–82.6] |
Raubenheimer et al. 59 | Acute medical services | 12 | No | 822 | 20.0 | 70.7 [63.4–77.2] | 65.0 [61.3–68.6] |
Straw et al. 60 | Cardiac disease | 12 | No | 114 | 34.2 | 84.6 [70.3–92.8] | 58.7 [47.4–69.1] |
Tripodoro et al. 61 | Cancer | 12 | No | 313 | 46.6 | 93.8 [88.7–96.7] | 72.5 [65.2–78.7] |
Veldhoven et al. 62 | Primary care | 12 | No | 292 | 8.9 | 92.3 [75.9–97.9] | 48.5 [42.6–54.5] |
Verhoef et al. 63 | Cancer and ED | 12 | No | 245 | 78.8 | 89.1 [83.9–92.8] | 40.4 [28.2–53.9] |
Edge et al. 64 – 6 month timeframe | Cancer | 6 | Yes | 1276 | 25.4 | 71.0 [65.8–75.7] | 53.6 [50.4–56.7] |
Edge et al. 64 – 12 month timeframe | Cancer | 12 | Yes | 655 | 42.4 | 68.7 [63.0–73.9] | 63.7 [58.7–68.4] |
Ernecoff et al. 65 | Kidney disease | 12 | Yes | 95 | 9.5 | 66.7 [35.4–87.9] | 75.6 [65.5–83.4] |
Flierman et al. 66 | Hospital inpatients | 12 | No | 252 | 30.6 | 81.8 [71.8–88.8] | 48.6 [41.3–55.9] |
Ikari et al. 67 | Cancer | 0.1 | No | 1411 | 47.8 | 94.4 [92.4–95.9] | 26.3 [23.3–29.6] |
Estifan Kasabji et al. 68 | Kidney disease | 12 | Yes | 178 | 15.7 | 71.4 [52.9–84.7] | 64.7 [56.7–71.9] |
Lai et al. 69 | Kidney disease | 12 | No | 401 | 8.5 | 52.9 [36.7–68.5] | 95.6 [93.0–97.3] |
Maes et al. 70 – subgroup 1 | Hospital inpatients | 12 | No | 185 | 24.9 | 67.4 [53.0–79.1] | 78.4 [70.9–84.4] |
Maes et al. 70 – subgroup 2 | Cardiac disease | 12 | No | 183 | 20.2 | 67.6 [51.5–80.4] | 76.0 [68.5–82.2] |
Rauh et al. 71 | Cancer | 12 | No | 309 | 23.6 | 75.3 [64.4–83.8] | 68.6 [62.5–74.2] |
Tabernero Huguet et al. 72 | Pulmonary disease | 12 | Yes | 361 | 23.5 | 65.9 [55.3–75.1] | 86.6 [82.1–90.1] |
Tak et al. 73 | Pulmonary disease | 12 | Yes | 123 | 18.7 | 73.9 [53.5–87.5] | 84.0 [75.6–89.9] |
Valerio and Farinha 75 | Kidney disease | 12 | Yes | 194 | 11.3 | 68.2 [47.3–83.6] | 77.3 [70.5–82.9] |
van Wijmen et al. 76 | Primary care | 12 | No | 3640 | 1.0 | 50.0 [34.5–65.5] | 98.6 [98.2–99.0] |
Yen et al. 77 | Hospital inpatients | 12 | No | 21,098 | 8.3 | 45.6 [43.2–47.9] | 90.6 [90.2–91.0] |
Ermers et al. 78 | Cancer | 12 | No | 379 | 31.1 | 87.3 [80.1–92.1] | 67.4 [61.5–72.8] |
Tripp et al. 74 – 1 month timeframe | Pulmonary disease | 1 | No | 381 | 4.2 | 12.5 [3.5–36.0] | 95.3 [92.7–97.1] |
Tripp et al. 74 – 12 month timeframe | Pulmonary disease | 12 | No | 365 | 22.2 | 46.9 [36.4–57.7] | 75.4 [70.0–80.0] |
Confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using Wilson’s method and can differ slightly from the CI’s presented by the original studies.